ew
*Corresponding author: Anna Siri, UNESCO Chair in Anthropol-
ogy of Health. Biosphere and healing systems, University of Ge-
noa, Italy, Tel: +39-328-4233341
Accepted: August 24, 2021
Published online: August 26, 2021
Citaon: Siri A (2021) Ethnomedicine Museums On-Call: How
Cultural Heritage is Addressing Health Challenges. Insights
Anthropol 5(1):347-356
Insights of Anthropology
Open Access | Page 347 |
Vol 5 | Issue 1 | Pages 347-356
ISSN: 2578-6482
Copyright: © 2021 Siri A. This is an open-access arcle distributed under the terms of the Creave
Commons Aribuon License, which permits unrestricted use, distribuon, and reproducon in
any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
SCHOLARS. DIRECT
DOI: 10.36959/763/521
Ethnomedicine Museums On-Call: How Cultural Heritage is
Addressing Health Challenges
Anna Siri
*
UNESCO Chair in Anthropology of Health. Biosphere and healing systems, University of Genoa, Italy
Introduction
There are many uses of art in the field of health. Tangible
and intangible heritage plays a crucial role in the physical and
mental wellbeing of individuals and communies in terms of
'perspecve', memory, beauty, and ‘places of refuge’.
Many good pracces consider the impact of cultural
heritage on people's wellbeing and on the reducon of
specific health condions [1,2]: From art therapy to the
“re-construcon” of health care places to increase paents'
wellbeing following the holisc orientaon indicated by the
World Health Organisaon.
The concept of humanisaon in health care has developed
around this approach and is based on the evoluonary
process that has seen changes in the understanding of
'health' and the means used to ensure it. The transion from
the biomedical approach to the bio-psycho-social approach
has introduced a muldimensional view of health, shiſting the
focus from the diseased organ to the individuals, as a whole.
It has definively established the principle of the 'centrality
of the paent'.
In this renewed cultural context, the paent is understood
Research Article
Abstract
The internaonalisaon of diseases and cultural pluralism are increasingly characterising our sociees. This contribuon
highlights the role of cultural values in the definion of health and the pracce of caring. Today, an approach to health
and wellbeing mediated by anthropology and the medical humanies more generally and supported by the expressions
of material and immaterial culture is necessary to review our way of conceiving health and its promoon.
In the syllabus of the Health Anthropology teaching provided in Nursing and Midwifery degree courses of the School of
Medicine of the University of Genoa, an in-depth study on the care systems in different cultures was included through
an experienal acvity carried out at the Museum of Ethnomedicine of the University of Genoa (Italy). The Museum,
unicum in the world, collects tradional medicines from the five connents. In order to foster crical thinking in health
educaon, students were asked to explore the care systems of other cultures through artefacts, images, and videos in
the Museum, in the form of cooperave and collaborave learning.
This research aims at evaluang the interest in acquiring anthropological skills in the caring relaonship by healthcare
students and the didacc effecveness of an experienal module involving cultural heritage integrated into the tradional
teaching course of Health Anthropology.
In the last three academic years before the COVID-19 pandemic, 1140 first-year students in Nursing, Paediatric Nursing
and Midwifery were involved in this engaging and interacve teaching approach. The pilot study showed a very high level
of student sasfacon and underlined the crucial role of heritage mediated by an intercultural approach.
A museum experience integrated into a humanisaon of care teaching can be an essenal part of the educaonal
toolkit for health professions degree courses. It encourages the development of crucial skills for professional life, such
as reflecon or crical thinking skills; it offers a more open and inclusive view of other cultures and pracces of care; it
smulates connuous professional development and a constant search for excellence.
Keywords
Anthropology of health, Science museum, Tradional medicine, Medical students, Visual thinking strategies
Check for
updates