Copyright © 2014 Tech Science Press CMC, vol.42, no.1, pp.63-73, 2014
Finite Element Modeling of Compressive Deformation of
Super-long Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes
J. Joseph
1
and Y. C. Lu
1
Abstract: The super-long, vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (SL-VACNTs)
are novel carbon nanomaterial produced from template-free synthesis. The me-
chanical responses of such material have been investigated by continuum finite
element modeling and compared with experimental observations. The crushable
foam model has been adequate in modeling the stress-strain curve and deformation
of the SL-VACNTs under compression. SL-VACNTs are seen to exhibit transient
elastic deformation at small displacement and then plastic deformation at large dis-
placement. The deformation mostly occur at the position immediately beneath the
compression platen (indenter face) due to the high stress/strain concentrations.
Keywords: Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes, Stress-strain, Finite element mod-
eling, Compression.
1 Introduction
Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) have been generally synthesized
with the aids of various templates. Terrones et al. have grown the first VACNTs
by depositing the carbon sources in linear tracks in a silica template [Terrones et
al. (1997)]. de Heer et al. have made the carbon nanotubes through the use of an
aluminum oxide micropore filter, a template used to align the nanotubes [de Heer
et al. (1995)]. Recently, template-free synthesis has been used to produce the VAC-
NTs [Ishigami et al. (2008); Bajpai et al. (2004); Chen et al. (2010)]. In a typical
template-free synthesis, hydrocarbon vapor is passed through a high temperature
reaction chamber in which a catalyst material has been introduced. Decomposi-
tion of hydrocarbon would take place, which leads to the formation /growth of
nanotubes. Compared the template synthesis, the template-free synthesis is more
effective in producing larger scale and taller nanotubes, so called super-long VAC-
NTs (SL-VACNTs).
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, U.S.A.