DOI: 10.52131/pjhss.2023.v11i4.1949
4711 eISSN: 2415-007X
Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
Volume 11, Number 04, 2023, Pages 4711–4720
Journal Homepage:
https://journals.internationalrasd.org/index.php/pjhss
Development and Psychometric Properties for Scale of Marital Intimacy in
Couples
Sameera Shafiq
1
, Iram Naz
2
1
Department of Psychology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan. Email: sameerashafiq@yahoo.com
2
Department of Psychology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan.
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT
Article History:
Received: October 15, 2023
Revised: December 27, 2023
Accepted: December 28, 2023
Available Online: December 29, 2023
The aims of the present study are the development and
evaluation of the psychometric properties of Scale of Marital
Intimacy (SMI) in married couples. The study methodology has
used cross sectional research design and couples were selected
with the purposive sampling technique. The development of the
scale was based on deductive approach. Sixty items were
selected after expert evaluation. In try-out phase, 50 couples
were selected by purposive sampling technique. The items were
found to be comprehendible by the couples and 54 items
showed acceptable ≥ 0.30 item total correlation coefficient and
0.96 Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficient. In pilot study, 150
couples were selected by purposive sampling technique and
exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted. A total of 52
items were retained after EFA. These items were administered
on another sample of 125 couples selected by purposive
sampling technique. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) yielded
16 items for SMI and five subscales. The results in try-out of 54
items showed item-total correlation coefficient from 0.303 to
0.812 in acceptable range. EFA on 54 items yielded acceptable
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy (KMO) and
Bartlett's Test of Sphericity with factor loading ≥0.40 of 52
items. CFA showed model fit p<0.001 that established the
structure validity and significant loading of the items in its
subscales after eliminating 36 items. Final version of Scale of
Marital Intimacy retained 16 items with acceptable Cronbach’s
Alpha reliability coefficient. Conclusively, SMI is a reliable
indigenous scale for measuring levels of marital closeness in
couples with five sub-scales in Pakistan.
Keywords:
Authenticity
Couples
Dyads
Exclusiveness
Marital Satisfaction
Openness
Funding:
This research received no specific
grant from any funding agency in the
public, commercial, or not-for-profit
sectors.
© 2023 The Authors, Published by iRASD. This is an Open Access article
distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
Commercial License
Corresponding Author’s Email: sameerashafiq@yahoo.com
1. Introduction
Marital intimacy refers to the sincere mutual sharing of physical, psychological, and
spiritual needs between a husband and a wife (PsychCentral, 2024). It is for the sake of
intimacy need gratification that the majority of the people get married (Schaefer & Olson,
1981). Intimacy is considered the sole predictive factor that is responsible for the good quality
of the marital relationship in terms of satisfaction, equality, and stable functionality (Kamali,
Allahyar, Ostovar, Alhabshi, & Griffiths, 2020; P. Greeff, 2001). Therefore, the maintenance of
marital relationship between a husband and a wife is contingent on the level of marital intimacy
experienced. Nevertheless, low intimacy in terms of verbal, affective, and physical involvement
in marriage is predictive of divorce to occur between the spouses due to less satisfaction in
marriage (Davila & Bradbury, 2001; Rubin, Peplau, & Hill, 1981; Tolstedt & Stokes, 1983).
Weinberger, Hofstein, and Whitbourne (2008) found that women in college, who experienced
less level of intimacy in their relationships, were more likely to face divorce in their midlife in
the United States. On the other hand, Schneller, Arditti, and Arditti (2004) posited that men
considered emotional distance and communication problems to be the key contributing factors
to their divorce. Therefore, the core reasons for divorces are attributable to a lack of love and
companionship, as the crude elements of intimacy among couples (Coontz, 2007).