Pharmacology Biochemistry andBehavior, Vol.43, pp. 377-380, 1992 0091-3057/92$5.00 + .00
Printed in the U.S.A. All rights reserved. Copyright © 1992 PergamonPress Ltd.
Pipradrol Conditioned Place Preference
is Blocked by SCH23390
NORMAN M. WHITE 1 AND NOBORU HIROI 2
Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1
Received 15 July 1991
WHITE, N. M. AND N. HIROI. Pipradrol conditioned placepreference is blockedby SCH23390. PHARMACOL BIO-
CHEM BEHAV 43(2) 377-380, 1992.--We investigated the effect of the selective Dl dopamine antagonist, SCH23390, on
the establishment of a pipradrol-conditioned place preference (CPP). Among various doses of pipradrol (6.25-75.0 mg/kg,
SC), a CPP was established at 25.0 mg/kg. SCH23390 (0.16 mg/kg, IP) blocked the establishment of a CPP by this dose of
pipradrol. The results suggest that pipradrol produces a rewarding effect and that this effect may involve activation of
Dmdopaminereceptors.
SCH23390 Conditioned place preference
Reinforcement Motivation
Dopamine Dl Affect Reward Conditioned reward
THE conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm has been
used to assess the affective properties of various drugs, includ-
ing stimulants and opiates (7,13). Numerous studies have
shown that these drugs produce robust CPPs, suggesting that
they have rewarding properties. Other findings suggest that
central dopamine systems are involved in the rewarding prop-
erties of stimulants as revealed in the CPP paradigm. Amphet-
amine establishes CPPs by releasing dopamine in the nucleus
of accumbens, a terminal area of the mesolimbic dopamine
pathway (8,9,33).
The site of action of stimulants other than amphetamine is
not well understood, and it is not clear if dopamine is involved
in their CPP-establishing effects. Except at very high doses
(20), the dopamine receptor antagonist, haloperidol, failed
to block the establishment of a methylphenidate CPP (21).
Martin-Iverson et al. (20) have also reported that 6-
hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions, which depleted 81070 of
striatal dopamine and 7007o of accumbens dopamine, were
ineffective in blocking the establishment of a methylphenidate
CPP. This finding must be interpreted cautiously because it is
known that more than 90°70 depletion is required to abolish
both dopamine release (29,39) and its behavioral effect when
it is released from the reserpine-sensitive pool (16). Neverthe-
less, these findings raise the question of whether or not meth-
ylphenidate, a non-amphetamine-type stimulant, may estab-
lish CPPs by acting on neurotransmitter system(s) other than
dopamine.
The nonamphetamine stimulants (pipradrol and methyl-
phenidate) release dopamine from the reserpine-sensitive do-
pamine pool (6,12,30). Depletion of the reserpine-sensitive do-
pamine pool after CPP training with amphetamine, but before
testing in the absence of the drug, blocks expression of the
CPP, suggesting that dopamine in the reserpine-sensitive pool
may mediate the effects of conditioned rewarding stimuli on
behavior in the CPP paradigm (13,16). We have also reported
that the effects of conditioned rewarding stimuli (in the am-
phetamine CPP paradigm) are preferentially blocked by the
D~ dopamine antagonist, SCH23390, as compared to D 2 dopa-
mine antagonists (13,17).
These f'mdings suggest the possibility that the reserpine-
sensitive dopamine pool is functionally linked to the D~ dopa-
mine receptor. To test this hypothesis, as well as to examine
the question of the nature of the CPP produced by the nonam-
phetamine stimulant, pipradrol, we studied the effect of the
Dl-selective dopamine antagonist, SCI-I23390, on the estab-
lishment of a CPP by pipradrol. The initial doses of pipradrol
used were those previously shown by Robbins (26-28) to affect
conditioned reward. When these doses proved ineffective,
higher doses were used.
METHOD
Subjects
Subjects were 56 experimentally naive, male Long-Evans
rats purchased from Charles River Canada (St. Constant,
Quebec) weighing 275-310 g at the start of the experiments.
Animals were individually housed with food and water avail-
able ad lib.
i Requests for reprints should be addressed to Norman M. White, Department of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield Avenue,
Montreal, Quebec H3A IBI Canada.
2 Current address: Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, E-25-618, Cambridge, MA 02139.
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