IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 3, Issue 04, 2015 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613 All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 3170 A Review on Alternative Fuel for Diesel Shashikant S.Kemdarne 1 Dr. J. A. Hole 2 1 Student 2 Professor 1,2 Department of Mechanical Engineering 1,2 Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra India Abstract— The rapid depletion of petroleum on the earth is resulting in the increasing fuel prices, other effect as global warming which is indirectly impacting on human health. The focus of this journal is to study and find alternative fuel on diesel engine minimizing the global warming and human impact on his health. Now a day, a lot of research is going on various alternative fuels like ethanol, alcohols, rice bran oil, palm oil, neem oil, mustard oil, etc or blend of fuel with diesel, so that they can reduce dependency on conventional fuel. This paper focus on, which type of alternative fuels are better than diesel. Key words: Alternative Fuel for Diesel, Fuels are better than diesel I. INTRODUCTION As per present scenario diesel engine are commonly used to drive Tractors, Buses, and Lorries etc because of their high thermal efficiency, fuel economy, high compression ratio, good reliability, higher performance as compared to S I engines. Energy efficiency & energy conservation often have been the quest of engineers concerned with I C engine. Petroleum resources are finite and almost 90% of energy needs of the world are provided by fossil fuels which are depleting at an alarming rate. In recent years, the consumption of petroleum products in India has been increased significantly. In the recent year, there is a large increase in number of automobiles result in great demand of petroleum products. Also Combustion of fuel results in the emission of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and other harmful pollutants. This results in increasing the global CO 2 level and global warming. The harmful pollutants not only affect on the environment but also on human being. These emission CO generally caused by insufficient oxygen and causes breathing problem, headache. The emission HC is raw fuel escaping to the atmosphere causes irritation in respiratory system. Nox irritates the eyes, nose and throat, & it causes headache and damage to lungs. Therefore there is a need to search alternative fuels argent in India to meet the demand for transportation, agricultural sector. II. LITERATURE REVIEW Nilesh Janardhan Mundle et. al. [1] has extracted oil from turmeric crop and it used to run 4-stroke petrol engine, found that, emissions CO and HC emitted after using petrol as fuel was 0.41% and 390 PPM respectively where as in the same bike the quantity of CO and HC emitted after using turmeric leaf oil as fuel was 0.39% and 70 ppm respectively. Also they found that, the turmeric leaf oil is very cost effective. Turmeric leaf oil is less flammable, less volatile and can be safely stored at room temperature. Therefore turmeric oil can be used an alternative biofuel for Petrol. S. I. Meshra et. al. [2] worked over the turmeric leaf biodiesel and found that when the turmeric leaves oil was used the engine power slightly decreased for all engine speeds. This was due to lower calorific value. A brake thermal efficiency of engine, when turmeric leaves oil used is found to be slightly less as compared to gasoline. The brake specific fuel consumption for lower engine speed is more. The emissions like carbon monoxide and Hydrocarbon using turmeric leaves oil was decreased by 13.7% and 16.94% respectively in comparison to gasoline, while the NOx concentration was increased by 10%. Rahul Krishnaji Bawane et. al. [3] has conducted an experimental work to evaluate operating and emission characteristics of undi oil biodiesel on variable compression ratio engine run on various blends of biodiesel, compression ratios. They found that for selected compression ratio, brake thermal efficiency for undi oil and biodiesel blends was less than as compare to diesel. Exhaust gas temperature was lower for the entire blend as compare to diesel, but BSFC was higher foe blends and biodiesel than diesel. At higher compression ratio the biodiesel and its blends emits lower percentage of CO 2 as compared to diesel, whereas CO emission was higher. The HC emission decreases with increase in compression ratio; The NOx emission for entire range of fuel is higher at low compression ratio. Finally they proved that the biodiesel could be used as an alternative fuel in VCR engine without any engine modifications. Ashish G. Bandewar et. al.[4] has carried out experimental investigation of emission characteristics of VCR engine using calophyllum inophyllum (Undi) bio- diesel blends as a fuel by varying the compression ratio. They found that The CO emissions decreased at higher compression ratio and higher at low compression ratio. At higher compression ratio CO2 emission for biodiesel and its blends with diesel was lower than diesel. The NOx emission for entire range of fuel is higher at low compression ratio(CR), The hydrocarbon emission decreases with increase in compression ratio for the entire range of fuels, and for biodiesel and its blends it is higher than diesel.3) Research on some other alternative fuels. R. Senthilkumar et. al. [5] has carried out experimentation to investigate the performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine using blends of neem biodiesel and compared with diesel. They concluded that, without any engine modification neem biodiesel blend can be directly used in diesel engine. As compare to diesel B30, B50 are giving very good result. Emission parameters like HC, CO, smoke at different load were lower for blends as compare to diesel. Mohamed F. Al et. al. [6] has worked on his experimental and theoretical investigations on a single cylinder, direct injection diesel engine operating on different blends of a soybean methyl ester (SME) with diesel fuel, they observed the effect of blending on cylinder pressure, heat release rate, carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbon , nitrogen oxides (NOx), and smoke opacity, also they observed that the use of biodiesel produces lower smoke opacity up to 48.23% with 14.65% higher brake specific fuel consumption compared to diesel fuel. The emission of CO for B20%