ISSN (print) 0093-4666 © 2014. Mycotaxon, Ltd. ISSN (online) 2154-8889 MYCOTAXON http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/127.115 Volume 127, pp. 115–120 January–March 2014 Microfungi from Costa Rica. A new species and a new combination in Codinaea Milagro Granados 1 , Rafael F. Castañeda-Ruiz 2 , Oscar Castro 1 , David W. Minter 3 , & Bryce Kendrick 4 1 Centro de Investigaciones en Protección de Cultivos (CIPROC), Universidad de Costa Rica 2 Instituto de Investigaciones Fundamentales en Agricultura Tropical ‘Alejandro de Humboldt’ (INIFAT), Académico Titular de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba, Calle 1 Esq. 2, Santiago de Las Vegas, C. Habana, Cuba, C.P.17200 3 Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey, TW20 9TY, United Kingdom 4 Mycologue, 8727 Lochside Drive, Sidney, BC V8L 1M8 Canada *Correspondence to: maria.granadosmontero@ucr.ac.cr, milagranados@gmail.com Abstract — Codinaea delicata sp. nov., a new microfungus (hyphomycete) collected on decaying leaves of an unidentified plant, is described and illustrated. It is distinguished by synnematous determinate conidiomata and monophialidic and polyphialidic conidiogenous cells that produce subreniform unicellular hyaline conidia with a single unbranched setula at each end. Codinaea dendroidea comb. nov. is proposed, and a key to synnematous Codinaea species is provided. Key words — asexual fungi, systematics, leaf litter Introduction Maire (1937) erected Codinaea for the type species, C. aristata. He characterized the genus by distinct single brown to pale brown conidiophores that form a more or less fasciculate circle around a dark brown thick-walled septate seta. e conidiogenous cells were mono- or polyphialidic, terminal, determinate or with a few sympodial extensions and with distinct funnel- shaped flaring sometimes collapsed collarettes at the conidiogenous loci and producing unicellular or septate falcate to lunate hyaline conidia with a filiform appendage at each end. Hughes & Kendrick (1968), who added twelve species and expanded the generic concept by including species without setae and with synnematous conidiomata, considered the conidium ontogeny “phialidic” and conidiogenous cells with distinct funnel-shaped collarettes as primary generic characters. Gamundi et al. (1977), who examined several specimens