Waste Management & Research
2016, Vol. 34(12) 1217–1223
© The Author(s) 2016
Reprints and permissions:
sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav
DOI: 10.1177/0734242X16666943
wmr.sagepub.com
Background to the study
Over the years, governments of several countries have experi-
mented with different strategies that will enable them to tackle
waste management issues in their domains, while tapping into the
enormous potentials offered. The problem is, however, often
compounded in informal settlements; this is often because of the
informal status of such settlements. By their very nature, infor-
mal settlements fall outside the regulatory control of government.
As such, they are rarely served by government in the provision of
basic infrastructure and services, even though these are services
governments ought to provide for all their people. Reasons for
such neglect are not farfetched. First, current data on informal
settlements with which to plan for infrastructural services provi-
sion are rarely available. Even where attempts are made to gener-
ate data, they soon become obsolete and unrealistic owing to the
rapidly evolving nature of such settlements and the slow bureau-
cratic nature of government programmes. A second reason is the
lack of resources and capacity to serve all groups by government.
Informal settlements are usually accorded low priority because of
their generally low status and lack of voice. In the face of compe-
tition for resources therefore, they often lose out. Third, precari-
ous location of these settlements at city periphery and
hard-to-reach sites coupled with their haphazard evolutionary
patterns make it difficult for them to be provided with relevant
services like waste collection. A fourth reason is the perceived
low value of waste generated from such settlements.
In addition, as a result of the poor economic status of the resi-
dents, it is believed that they are more frugal and prudent in man-
aging their resources. They are thus expected to have done
in-house sorting and conversion of use, thereby reducing the
quantity and salvage value of waste they generate. Literature has
also shown that the composition of wastes from such settlements
tilt heavily towards food waste in content; albeit there is often
need to dispose of an increasingly large quantity of wastes gener-
ated in these settlement. The disposal of refuse from such areas
has not been without its challenges.
For instance, Herrle et al. (2005) identified the factors that
have limited efficient waste management in informal settlements
to include lack of recognition of these settlements by responsible
public sector institutions; limited capacities of public waste man-
agement services; limited willingness and capacity of residents to
Private sector participation in domestic
waste management in informal
settlements in Lagos, Nigeria
Akunnaya P Opoko and Adedapo A Oluwatayo
Abstract
Lagos is one of the fastest growing cities in Africa, which is grappling with the challenges of poorly managed urbanisation. With an
estimated population of about 17.5 million, solid waste management is one of the most pressing environmental challenges currently
faced in the city. It is estimated that more than 9071847.4kg of urban waste is generated every day in the city. The city lacks the
capacity to deal with such magnitude of waste. Consequently, the city has involved the private sector (private sector participation)
in its waste management drive. This article examines the effectiveness of this public–private sector collaboration model in waste
management in informal settlements in Lagos using empirical data. Major findings of the article include the irregularity of waste
collection owing to a poor road network, an inadequate transport infrastructure and the desire to maximise profit, as well as poor
waste handling and disposal methods by the private sector participation operators who are not chosen based on competence and
capacity to perform. Another major finding is the lack of cooperation from residents evidenced in non-payment of bills and poor
packaging of wastes, resulting in wastes being littered. The article concludes on the need to restructure the scheme through proper
sensitisation of residents, selection of operators with demonstrable delivery capacity and provision of a well-maintained road
network to facilitate access of operators to settlements.
Keywords
Waste management, informal settlements, private sector participation, operator, Nigeria
Department of Architecture, Covenant University, Ogun State, Nigeria
Corresponding author:
Adedapo A Oluwatayo, Department of Architecture, Covenant
University, Ota, Ogun State 110001, Nigeria.
Email: dapo.oluwatayo@covenantuniversity.edu.ng
666943WMR 0 0 10.1177/0734242X16666943Waste Management & ResearchOpoko and Oluwatayo
research-article 2016
Original Article
brought to you by CORE View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk
provided by Covenant University Repository