1 [Final Draft before publication, dated July 1 st , 2024] A Greek American Cold Warrior: George E. Phillies and the Greek Civil War, 1946–1949 Zinovia Lialiouti Abstract George E. Phillies, a prominent Greek American and chairman of the Justice for Greece Committee, was an ardent anticommunist who took an interest in themes of growing importance in American public debates of the late 1940s: the Greek Civil War (1946–1949) and US intervention in Greece as inaugurated by the Truman Doctrine (1947). Phillies’s social status, hybrid identity, and networking with American and Greek elites were decisive for his emergence as an influential cold warrior at a crucial period for both US-Greek relations and US strategy in the Cold War. His public role was important in the legitimization of the Truman administration policy toward Greece. He used his ties to Greece to construct a supposedly factual account of the Greek Civil War that undermined alternative narratives and criticism of US actions. Phillies represents a case of ethnic anticommunism. His discourse highlights the hybrid, transatlantic dimension of Greek American identity in the mid-twentieth century and the interaction between ideological and ethnic conceptions of identity. His case is revealing for the role of anticommunism in the identity formation process and integration practices among migrants in post-World War II American society. George E. Phillies: A case study for identity formation in the Cold War The present article focuses on George E. Phillies, a prominent Greek American, and explores his ardent anticommunism in American public debates on the Greek Civil War (1946–1949) and US intervention in Greece as inaugurated by the Truman Doctrine (1947). Serving as chairman of the public relations-oriented Justice for Greece Committee from 1945 to 1950, Phillies became increasingly influential in shaping US public opinion on America’s relations with Greece, and the reasons for this need to be explored. This article is based on archival research at the Truman Presidential Library and in the American and Greek American press. It reconstructs Phillies’s conceptualization of identity and his role as a Republican and a propagandist for a more right-wing reading of the Greek Civil War, undermining alternative political or press narratives in the United States. This right-wing reading was connected with a wholehearted endorsement of the Truman Doctrine, despite Truman’s Democratic Party affiliation. The creation of a consensus on the Doctrine, which signaled a major turning point in US foreign policy, had been prioritized by the Truman administration. Republican support for this was crucial, given that party’s control of Congress. But there were strong isolationist tendencies in the Republican Party, with Senator Robert A. Taft in particular being an effective spokesman for the view that America should concentrate on domestic problems. A major concern was that Truman’s newly adopted foreign policy toward the USSR, shaped along the lines of