Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery, 2023, 13, 41-50 https://www.scirp.org/journal/ojmn ISSN Online: 2163-0585 ISSN Print: 2163-0569 DOI: 10.4236/ojmn.2023.131006 Jan. 31, 2023 41 Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery Practice of Pediatric Neurosurgery at the “Hôpital Spécialisé Mère-Enfant Blanche Gomes” in the Republic of the Congo Boukaka Kala Rel Gerald 1 , Kinata Bambino Sinclair Brice 2 , Ekouele Mbaki Hughes Brieux 2,3 , Bingui Outman Pascal Diogène 4 , Boukassa Léon 2,3 , Moukouengo Nee Kaya Fleur Patricia 1 , Mabiala Babela Jean Robert 3 1 Service de chirurgie pédiatrique, Hôpital spécialisé Mère-Enfant Blanche Gomes (HSMEBG), Brazzaville, Républic of the Congo 2 Service de Chirurgie Polyvalente, CHU de Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Républic of the Congo 3 Faculty of Health Sciences, Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Républic of the Congo 4 Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital spécialisé Mère-Enfant Blanche Gomes (HSMEBG), Brazzaville, Républic of the Congo Abstract Introduction: Pediatric Neurosurgery is a growing specialty in its own right worldwide. Its practice in sub-Saharan Africa remains confronted with many challenges, notably the absence of a pediatric neurosurgeon, the lack of a dedicated service and the absence of multidisciplinary pediatric collaboration (neuroanesthesist, neurologist, oncologist and psychotherapist). The objective of this preliminary study is to describe the practice of pediatric neurosurgery at the HSMEBG and to present perspectives for its improvement. Methods: This is a retrospective, monocentric, descriptive study covering the period from March 2021 to March 2022 at the Pediatric Surgery Department of the HSMEBG. Résults: During the study period, 50 children were hospitalized for a neurosurgical condition. The sex ratio was 1.77. The average age was 6 years with extremes of 2 weeks and 16 years. Most children were from the emergency department (46%). Computed tomography (CT) was performed in 35 patients (70%), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 4% and plain ra- diography in two patients (8%). Malformative, traumatic (cranial and spinal) and tumor pathology were the most frequent with 42%, 36% and 12% respec- tively. Twenty-six patients were operated (52%). We recorded one postopera- tive infection (2.5%). The overall mortality was 8% (N = 4). Conclusion: This preliminary study allowed us to identify the epidemiological and clinical pro- file of the patients treated in our context as well as the therapeutic approach. Malformative pathology remains the most frequent, followed by traumatic and tumor pathology. The development of the practice of this discipline re- How to cite this paper: Gerald, B.K.R., Brice, K.B.S., Brieux, E.M.H., Diogène, B.O.P., Léon, B., Patricia, M.N.K.F. and Robert, M.B.J. (2023) Practice of Pediatric Neurosurgery at the “Hôpital Spécialisé Mère-Enfant Blanche Gomes” in the Republic of the Congo. Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery, 13, 41-50. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojmn.2023.131006 Received: May 13, 2022 Accepted: January 28, 2023 Published: January 31, 2023 Copyright © 2023 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access