Enhancing Creative Confidence in Marketing Pedagogy with Design Thinking
Annetta Grant
Markets, Innovation, and Design, Freeman College of Management, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, USA
ABSTRACT
Creative confidence is a necessary and valuable skill to prepare students for marketing careers.
Marketers need to be trained to offer creative solutions to enhance marketing offerings. To help
address this need, the aim of this paper is to provide logistical instructions for a class module that
enhances students’ creative confidence through design thinking, which can be implemented
effectively in one class. Findings from 45 student pre- and post-module surveys on the efficacy
of this teaching module indicate that the module increases students’ creative confidence.
A detailed implementation plan is provided for educators to use in undergraduate Principles of
Marketing, Consumer Behavior, New Product Development, Marketing Strategy, or other market-
ing courses where neither students nor instructors need prior design thinking knowledge. This
module can be adapted to synchronous and asynchronous modalities.
Introduction
Creative confidence, or “one’s own trust in his (sic)
creative problem-solving abilities” (Meinel & Leifer,
2012, p. 5), is an essential skill for marketers and mar-
keting students. Creative confidence bolsters marketers’
and students’ ability to creatively identify, formulate,
and solve problems. This is a skill highly valued by
employers (Puccio, 2017; van Laar et al., 2020; Yeoh,
2019), and one that is a high priority for marketing
education (Finch et al., 2012; Jaskari, 2013; Ramocki,
2014). In the face of rising artificial intelligence solu-
tions, marketers’ creative skills are increasingly valuable
(Elhajjar et al., 2021). As marketing educators, continu-
ing to enhance students’ creative skills is imperative.
Creative confidence can be enhanced by the design
thinking methodology (Chen & Venkatesh, 2013;
Kelley & Kelley, 2013). Yet, incorporating the develop-
ment of any creative skills into established courses con-
tinues to present an ongoing challenge for educators
(Dorland, 2023; Schlee & Harich, 2014). Teaching crea-
tive skills is difficult; due to students’ perceptions of
outcome uncertainty and fear of failure, it is often met
with barriers to student engagement (Anderson, 2006;
Krishen & Kirkendall, 2016) and given the difficulty in
measuring creativity, instructors may find it challenging
to incorporate in courses (Jaskari, 2013; Robinson,
2011). Although many marketing education resources
provide clear examples of how to incorporate design
thinking into the marketing curriculum (c.f. Chen
et al., 2018; Dorland, 2023; Xu et al., 2023; Zarzosa,
2018, 2022), with a few exceptions (Anderson, 2006;
Blocker, 2023; Chen et al., 2018), the the majority of
these examples require several classes or an entire seme-
ster to implement effectively. Given educators’ already
demanding amount of material to cover, the pedagogi-
cal question remains: how might an educator boost
students’ creative confidence through design thinking
in one class?
Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide logis-
tical instructions for a class module that enhances stu-
dents’ creative confidence through design thinking,
which can be implemented effectively in one class.
This module can be adapted for synchronous or asyn-
chronous online delivery. Students can complete this
module without prior marketing knowledge, and edu-
cators can lead this module with no design thinking
experience. Minimizing class time commitment lowers
the barrier to adopting design thinking to enhance stu-
dents’ creative confidence, allowing more students the
opportunity for creative skill development. This paper
extends the small number of studies that incorporate
design thinking into one class (Anderson, 2006; Blocker,
2023; Chen et al., 2018) by offering a broader variety of
techniques for building creative confidence – e.g., inter-
viewing for empathy, and creating bug lists. This paper
outlines a pedagogical approach that may be of interest
to marketing educators interested in enhancing their
students’ creative confidence. Assessment data from 45
students who completed a pre- and post-module survey
CONTACT Annetta Grant annetta.grant@bucknell.edu Markets, Innovation, and Design ,Freeman College of ManagementBucknell University, 1 Dent
Drive Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
MARKETING EDUCATION REVIEW
https://doi.org/10.1080/10528008.2024.2389052
© 2024 Society for Marketing Advances