June 2024 · Volume 13 · Issue 6 Page 1531
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology
Singh A et al. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2024 Jun;13(6):1531-1535
www.ijrcog.org
pISSN 2320-1770 | eISSN 2320-1789
Original Research Article
Premenstrual syndrome among budding medical professionals at
medical college in a metro city: a cross sectional study
Anuradha Singh
1
, Triveni G. S.
1
*, Kajal Sharma
1
, Brijesh Saran
2
INTRODUCTION
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a global problem
affecting millions of young women of child bearing age. It
occurs during the luteal phase and resolves shortly after
menstruation. It affects about 75% of women in
reproductive age and about 3 to 8% suffer from extremely
severe forms of symptoms.
1
This entity was first described
in 1931 by Frank as “premenstrual tension”. The term
“PMS” was first used by Greene and Dalton in 1953 to
describe its various symptomatology.
2
It’s a constellation
of various physical and psychological symptoms causing
significant distress, interfering with work, social activities
and lowering the quality of life. It is one of the major
public health problems in young girls affecting their
physical and mental health.
3
A smaller subset meet criteria
for PMS and less than 10% of them are diagnosed as
having premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).
4
Various social and psychological causes have been
proposed as the cause of this syndrome. The abnormal
serotonin function, presence of progesterone, smoking,
alcohol intake, altered trans-capillary fluid balance, high
consumption of beef, increased caffeine intake may have
role in PMS.
5
As per studies at molecular level, decreased
estrogen stimulates hypothalamus to release
norepinephrine which further triggers a decline in levels of
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241439
1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LHMC, New Delhi, Delhi, India
2
Department of Psychiatry, Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Received: 19 April 2024
Revised: 11 May 2024
Accepted: 13 May 2024
*Correspondence:
Dr. Triveni G. S.,
E-mail: drtriveni.gs@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ABSTRACT
Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a group of menstrual disorder constituting various physical, emotional
and behavioral symptoms occurring in the luteal phase usually a week before menstruation. It is a very common
condition affecting many young girls and severity can have a negative impact on the quality of life. Our study was done
to estimate the prevalence of this condition among the medical undergraduate students.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Lady Hardinge medical college, New Delhi, India among
medical undergraduates after ethical clearance. A convenient sample size of 228 was taken. The participants were
selected by random sampling technique and informed consent was obtained. The data was collected as per PMSS scale
and analyzed by frequencies and percentages using SPSS version 21.
Results: The prevalence of PMS among our enrolled participants was 100%. Majority about 61% belonged to age group
of 21-25 years. About 40.8% of students had mild symptoms, 35.1% moderate, 18.0% severe and 6.1% very severe
form of PMS. However, no significant difference was found in the severity between 2 age groups.
Conclusions: Our study highlights 100% prevalence of PMS with varied severity of presentation. The very high
prevalence of PMS among medical undergraduates calls for an urgent need to priorities the health care by creating
awareness and provide necessary medical, social and psychological support to our budding professionals.
Keywords: PMS, Medical undergraduates, Menstrual disorder, Premenstrual symptoms