Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 26 (5) (2023): 187–193 187 ISSN: 1410-8917 e-ISSN: 2597-9914 Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 26 (5) (2023): 187-193 Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Journal of Scientific and Applied Chemistry Journal homepage: http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ksa Thin Layer Chromatography Fingerprint Analysis of Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) Sri Fauziah a , Puput Melati b , Ade Heri Mulyati c , Mohamad Rafi a,b , Eti Rohaeti a,b,* a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Jalan Tanjung Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia b Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center-Institute of Research and Community Service, IPB University, Jalan Taman Kencana No.3 Kampus IPB Taman Kencana, Bogor 16128, Indonesia c Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Pakuan University, Bogor 16143, Indonesia * Corresponding author: etirohaeti@apps.ipb.ac.id https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.26.5.187-193 Article Info Abstract Article history: Received: 27 th January 2023 Revised: 22 nd June 2023 Accepted: 04 th July 2023 Online: 31 st July 2023 Keywords: Tempuyung; quality control; TLC Thin layer chromatography (TLC) fingerprint profile analysis can be used for quality control of herbal medicinal raw materials through identification, authentication, and discrimination. This study aims to develop a fingerprint analysis method for tempuyung TLC (Sonchus arvensis L.), which is then used for quality control. Tempuyung was extracted with methanol using ultrasonication which was then analyzed using the developed fingerprint TLC method. The optimum mobile phase used to separate compounds from tempuyung was a composition of chloroform: ethyl acetate: dichloromethane: formic acid (7.5:2:0.5:0.1) and produced eleven bands. The mobile phase composition produced good separation and had a typical luteolin band with an Rf value of 0.22, detected under UV 366 nm and derivatized with 10% sulfuric acid reagent. This method was applied to tempuyung from three locations, including Malang, Solo, and Yogyakarta, whose fingerprint patterns did not differ significantly. The fingerprint method has been validated and met the acceptance requirements for quality control of tempuyung. 1. Introduction Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) plant belongs to the Asteraceae family and is a non-nitrophilic species that can grow in nutrient-poor soil. Tempuyung is widespread in several continents, including Asia, Europe, and Africa. The distribution of tempuyung in Indonesia is found widely in Sumatra, Java, Bali, Papua, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi [1]. The content of tempuyung compounds in these areas is different [2] due to several factors, such as growing location [3], soil nutrients, temperature, and weather. Tempuyung, which contains a large number of bioactive compounds [4], has been widely used as a raw material for herbal medicine due to its wide range of pharmacological properties, including antioxidant [5], anti-inflammatory [6], diuretic, antibacterial [7], and anticancer [1]. These bioactive compounds come from alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, triterpenes, and steroids [8]. Examples of flavonoid compounds include orientin, quercetin, catechins, rutin, myricetin, luteolin, apigenin, and kaempferol [9]. Luteolin is one of the flavonoid molecules that is a distinctive component of tempuyung [10]. Among the many benefits of tempuyung, Xia and Liang [11] found that the plant can be an insecticide. According to Seal [12], Indians also reportedly eat tempuyung leaves as a salad. Quality control must be developed as tempuyung is increasingly used in pharmaceutical products, particularly when providing premium raw materials. This quality control is necessary for ensuring the product’s suitability for the purpose, consistency, efficacy, and safety [13] and for guaranteeing the pharmacological activity of the products [14]. Additionally, quality control is practiced to prevent the counterfeiting of raw materials using plants that are morphologically or closely related to one another. The absence of quality control can cause inconsistent efficacy and safety, harming human health. One of the analytical techniques that can be used to control tempuyung quality is the fingerprint analysis