Healthcare in Low-resource Settings 2024; volume 12:12474
Determinants of maternal near-miss among women admitted to public
hospitals in the Hadiya zone, central Ethiopia: a case-control study
Samuel Kusheta,
1
Gurmesa Tura,
2
Afework Tadele,
2
Wudu Yesuf
3
1
Department of Public Health, Hossana College of Health Sciences;
2
Population and Family Health Department, Faculty of Public
Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University;
3
Department of Public Health, Mizan-Aman College of Health Sciences, Aman, Ethiopia
Abstract
One of the Sustainable Development Goals of the United
Nations is to bring the global maternal mortality ratio down to less
than 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030. Therefore, pinpointing
the factors that influence maternal near-misses would help expe-
dite the accomplishment of this goal. Studies on these topics are,
nevertheless, scarce in the Hadiya zone and throughout Ethiopia
as a whole. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine
the factors that contribute to maternal near-misses among women
who are admitted to public hospital maternity wards in the Hadiya
zone in central Ethiopia. A facility-based, unmatched case-control
study was conducted from February 17 to August 16, 2019. The
study covered all secondary and tertiary public healthcare facili-
ties in the Hadiya zone, which includes three district hospitals and
one referral hospital offering comprehensive emergency obstetric
care services. The study included 279 women in total (70 cases
and 209 controls). Mothers who had had a near-miss were the
cases, and mothers who had not had one were the controls. The
Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24 was used to
analyze the data, and the multivariable binary logistic regression
model was used to control confounders. The odds ratios (OR) and
95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to determine statistical
significance at a p-value of less than 0.05. Living in a rural area
[adjusted OR (AOR)=3.16; 95% CI: 1.62, 6.16], no birth pre-
paredness (AOR=3.50; 95% CI: 1.66, 7.41), ever gave birth by
cesarean section (AOR=3.68; 95% CI: 1.63, 8.31), previous histo-
ry of hypertension (AOR=3.69; 95% CI:1.52, 8.96), and poor
knowledge of pregnancy danger signs (AOR=3.15; 95% CI: 1.32,
7.52) were all determinants of maternal near-miss. Thus, strength-
ened public health and clinical interventions in these arenas need
to prioritize rural women and women with a previous history of
hypertension.
Introduction
Despite a 44% decrease in the maternal mortality ratio since
1990, ending preventable maternal death continues to be one of
the world’s most pressing challenges. Even though this is a
notable improvement that demonstrates what is possible with con-
tinued effort, the world fell short of the 75% reduction target set
by Millennium Development Goal 5.
1
Maternal deaths are uncom-
mon in terms of absolute numbers per center, despite the high
maternal mortality ratios in many resource-poor settings. As a
result, there is less statistical power available for research to
examine potential risk factors and contextual determinants.
2
Because maternal near-misses (MNM) occur more frequently than
maternal deaths, in this case, they could be used as a stand-in for
maternal deaths to assess the quality of obstetric care in specific
healthcare facilities.
3,4
Moreover, it presents a favorable prospect
for gathering data because women themselves can serve as infor-
mation sources.
5
The World Health Organization (WHO) request-
ed more research on MNM in light of these facts.
6,7
MNM is
Correspondence: Samuel Kusheta, Department of Public Health,
Hossana College of Health Sciences, Hossana, Ethiopia.
Tel.: +251-934774841.
E-mail: kushetasamuel@gmail.com
Key words: determinant factors, maternal near-miss, maternal mortality,
central Ethiopia.
Contributions: SK, participated in the conception and design of the study,
performed statistical analyses, and wrote the first to final versions of the
manuscript; GT, AT, WY, participated in the design of the study, and read
and revised the draft versions of the manuscript. All authors contributed
to all sections of the manuscript and approved the final version.
Conflict of interest: the authors declare that they have no competing
interests.
Ethics approval and consent to participate: with the reference number
IHRPG9/698/2019, the Jimma University Institute of Health Institution
Review Board has ethically approved the study protocol.
Informed consent: participants in the study provided verbal informed
consent. The goal and purpose of the study, as well as the respondents’
right to withdraw from the study at any time without compromising their
hospital care, were explained to the participants. An anonymous ques-
tionnaire was used to ensure information confidentiality, and de-identi-
fied and de-linked data was kept in a safe place.
Funding: this research did not receive grants from any funding agency in
the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Availability of data and materials: the datasets used and/or analyzed dur-
ing the current study are available from the corresponding author upon
reasonable request.
Acknowledgments: the authors acknowledge Hossana College of Health
Sciences for financial and material support for this research work. They
also acknowledge the participating hospitals as well as study participants
and data collectors for all their support during the preliminary survey,
pre-test, and actual data collection.
Received: 13 March 2024.
Accepted: 2 April 2024.
Early access: 4 June 2024.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
(by-nc 4.0).
©
Copyright: the Author(s), 2024
Licensee PAGEPress, Italy
Healthcare in Low-resource Settings 2024; 12:12474
doi:10.4081/hls.2024.12474
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