OPINION
Who is a global health expert?
Chiamaka P. OjiakoID
1
*, Lazenya Weekes-Richemond
1
, Vuyiseka Dubula-Majola
2
, Marie-
Claire Wangari ID
3
1 Women in Global Health-UK Chapter, London, United Kingdom, 2 Centre for Civil Society, University of
KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, 3 Women in Global Health-Kenya Chapter, Nairobi, Kenya
* preciousojiako@gmail.com
Introduction
In a previous blog post [1] we wrote that there is neither a universally accepted definition of
global health expertise nor credentials to decide who a global health expert is. This is both a
blessing and a curse. On the one hand, global health is an inherently interdisciplinary field and
allows diverse roles and actors. On the other hand, the lack of consensus on what makes a
global health expert has created global health experts by default, often based on nationality or
ethnicity (i.e. elevation of whiteness as a marker of expertise) or country of residence, resulting
in an uneven skew of global health “experts” from HIC, and often resulting in major decisions
being made far away from where the real problems are and where the real expertise exists.
Data clearly show that global health organizations are typically led by people with power and
privilege in the Global North (with older, white men as the most dominant group), while only
a tiny fraction of leadership roles or board seats are held by people from LMICs [2].
This skewed distribution perpetuates a history of colonialism and exploitation that elevates
access to resources, whiteness, and branding as key factors for developing expertise rather than
lived experience and competence. Furthermore, it has excluded health professionals in the
Global South [3] and caused them to be hesitant about declaring their expertise even when
they are experts, in the proper sense.
Expertise is not limited to medical or health professionals
Global health evolved from colonial medicine, tropical medicine, and international health with
a primary focus on medical and health problems [4]. Despite the crucial role of medical and
health professionals, global health is more than medical care and extends to addressing other
underlying drivers of health, social and political determinants, and non-health sectoral issues.
The COVID-19 pandemic showed us that merely brandishing evidence, facts, and science
is not enough to ensure equity or improve outcomes. Culture, human behaviour, governance,
law, politics, regulations, and institutional frameworks are equally key aspects of global health
and require non-health professionals versed in health and their area of discipline.
And yet, we continue to put too much weight on only some of these experiences (i.e., doc-
tors, scientists, etc). We must recognize that global health expertise is not limited to the medi-
cal, public health and other science-related professions. We must start valuing experts from
other professions and experts who truly bring multi-disciplinarity to their practice.
Expertise is not limited to academia or high-income nations
Despite the significant work and contributions of people from LMICs to global health research
and program implementation, often they do not see themselves as global health experts given
that global health is a field that is driven by HICs [5].
PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH
PLOS Global Public Health | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002269 August 17, 2023 1/4
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OPEN ACCESS
Citation: Ojiako CP, Weekes-Richemond L,
Dubula-Majola V, Wangari M-C (2023) Who is a
global health expert? PLOS Glob Public Health
3(8): e0002269. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.
pgph.0002269
Editor: Julia Robinson, PLOS: Public Library of
Science, UNITED STATES
Published: August 17, 2023
Copyright: © 2023 Ojiako et al. This is an open
access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided the original
author and source are credited.
Funding: The authors received no specific funding
for this work.
Competing interests: The authors have declared
that no competing interests exist.