IMMUNE REGULATION Identification of FOXP3-negative regulatory T-like (CD4 + CD25 + CD127 low ) cells in patients with immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked syndrome Keisuke Otsubo a , Hirokazu Kanegane a , ⁎ , Yoshiro Kamachi d , Ichiro Kobayashi e , Ikuya Tsuge f , Masue Imaizumi g , Yoji Sasahara h , Akira Hayakawa i , Kandai Nozu i , Kazumoto Iijima i , Shuichi Ito j , Reiko Horikawa k , Yoshinori Nagai b , Kiyoshi Takatsu b , l , Hisashi Mori c , Hans D. Ochs m , Toshio Miyawaki a a Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan b Department of Immunobiology and Pharmacological Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan c Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan d Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan e Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan f Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan g Department of Hematology and Oncology, Miyagi Children's Hospital, Sendai, Japan h Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan i Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan j Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan k Department of Endocrinology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan l Toyama Prefectural Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Toyama, Japan m Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine and Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, USA Received 10 November 2010; accepted with revision 22 June 2011 Available online 12 July 2011 Abbreviations APC, antigen-presenting cells; FKH, forkhead; FOXP3, forkhead box protein 3; HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; mAb, monoclonal antibodies; MLR, mixed lymphocyte reaction; IPEX, immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell; Treg, regulatory T ⁎ Corresponding author at: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama 930–0194, Japan. Fax: +81 76 434 5029. E-mail address: kanegane@med.u-toyama.ac.jp (H. Kanegane). 1521-6616/$ - see front matter © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.clim.2011.06.006 Clinical Immunology (2011) 141, 111–120 available at www.sciencedirect.com Clinical Immunology www.elsevier.com/locate/yclim