© 2022, IJSRBS All Rights Reserved 34 International Journal of Scientific Research in ____________________________ Research Paper. Biological Sciences Vol.9, Issue.4, pp.34-38, August (2022) E-ISSN: 2347-7520 Bacteria Associated With Health-Care Acquired Infections from Two Selected Hospitals in Kano Nigeria S.I. Bale 1* , M.D. Mukhtar 2 , F.A. Rufa’i 3 1,2,3 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, PMB 3011, Kano-Nigeria. *Corresponding Author: fatihurufai@gmail.com, Tel.:+2348105925771 Available online at: www.isroset.org Received: 15/Jun/2022, Accepted: 17/Jul/2022, Online: 31/Aug/2022 Abstract- Health-Care acquired infections cause menace to public health most especially the missed potentials among them which tends to be resisting the activity of therapeutic drugs used against them and in spite, causes greater menace to the integrity of the health and in turn burden the quality of life leading to high morbidity and morbidity rate. A sum of 150 samples of wound, urine and blood were obtained from patients with a clinical evidence of Health-Care acquired infections as described by NNIS. The entire sample were cultured on their respective culture media and then passed for biochemical tests, followed by Antibiotics susceptibility testing using disk diffusion method according to the guideline of the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute. We found that, Gram-positive cocci namely S. aureus, Strep sp. and CoNS were the bacteria associated with Health care acquired infections. Wound swab site tends to be the most frequent site of infection with S . aureus as the most predominant species. However, Gram-positive were found to be resistant to cefuroxime while Gram- negative were sensitive to Cefoxitin with Imipinem having the highest activities against all the bacteria. Keywords- Burden, Menace, Surveillance, Morbidity, Antimicrobial I. INTRODUCTION Health care acquired infections (HCAIs) are infections that occurs during treatment of medical or surgical conditions [1,2].Health-care associated infections first appear 48hrs or more after hospitalization or within 30days after having received healthcare[3,1]. These infections have a strong clinical manifestation due to their worsening underlying medical conditions and their increased mortality and morbidity rate; as such most Patients are more likely to be vulnerable to it. Many microbial infections are already present in or on the patient’s own body and only cause problems when the body’s defenses of the host are weakened or breached by surgery or other medical procedures [4]. It has been reported that microorganisms can also cause Infections either by direct contact or through a contaminated hospital environment resulting to Health care acquired infections [4]. This imposed defeat in function and increased stress for patients with more than 1.4 million people who are at risk of being infected and consequently leading to their death [5]. Accordingly, there is little knowledge on the bacteria associated with health care acquired infections due to the poorly developed surveillance systems and inexistent control methods; as such this study is vital to carried out. II. RELATED WORK The prevalence of HCAIs is already substantial in developed countries, where it affects from 5% to 15% of hospitalized patients and as high as 50% in ICU [8,1]. In Nigeria, there is scarce knowledge of the risks of Health care acquired infections, while In Kano State Nigeria, a report on Health care acquired infections includes the agents of postoperative site infections SSIs. On the basis of existing literature, Staphylococcus aureus was found to be the most predominant causative agent of health-care associated infections worldwide. But a complication is that, there is little knowledge on the burden of nosocomial infections due to the poorly developed surveillance systems and inexistent control methods [9].Because while getting care for other diseases many patients probably acquired other infections such as respiratory infections and it becomes troublesome to spot the prevalence of any Health care acquired infections in continuation of a primary care facility [6,7,1]. However, with increasing infections, there is an increase in prolonged hospital stay, long-term disability, increased antimicrobial resistance, increase in socio-economic disturbance, and increased mortality rate. [10].These infections get noticed only when they become epidemic, yet there is no institution or a country that may claim to have resolved this endemic problem [11]. It has been reported that, Health care acquired infections imposed defeat in function and increased stress for patients and are one of the major causes of death [12]. The economic cost of the infection is notable due to prolonged stay in the hospital and indirect cost with more than 1.4 million people who are at risk of being infected [11]. The prevalence of Hospital acquired infection is very higher in developed countries, where it affects up to 20 percent of hospitalized patient [10].In the hospital environment, health cared acquired bacteria