Mediterranean Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences (MJBAS) Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages 37-45, October-December 2024 ISSN: 2581-5059 37 Evaluation of effectiveness of foliar application of urea fertilizer on growth, development and yield of BRRI Dhan 84 in barind tract, Bangladesh Most. Serajam Monira 1 , Md. Aminul Hoque 2* , Md. Ali Haider 3 & Md. Mejbah Uddin 4 1-4 Department of Agronomy & Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh. Corresponding Author (Md. Aminul Hoque) Email: aminulh2@yahoo.com * DOI: https://doi.org/10.46382/MJBAS.2024.8404 Copyright © 2024 Most. Serajam Monira et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Article Received: 13 August 2024 Article Accepted: 24 October 2024 Article Published: 29 October 2024 ░ 1. Introduction Agriculture is the spirit of human civility (Akter M. et al., 2024). In Bangladesh, approximately 80% of the population is either directly or indirectly employed in agriculture, particularly in rice production (Monira S. et al, 2023). Rice (Oryza sativa L) is consumed as staple food and widely grown as important cereal crop in Asia (Monira S. et al., 2017). Population is increasing day by day in our country. We have to feed the people. Here, BRII Dhan 84 may plays a significant role. The most notable characteristics of this variety is its red grain and yield than the check variety BRRI Dhan 28. The protein level of the rice is 9.7%, the zinc concentration is 27.6 mg/kg, and the amylose content is 25.9% (Kader M.A. et al., 2020). A good crop production depends in large part on this variety. Farmers use different techniques for applying fertilizer on rice production. Fertilizer application should be smart as applied nitrogen fertilizer is not used 100% in agricultural field. A certain amount of nitrogen is wasted due to de-nitrification, volatilization (atmospheric evaporation), runoff, and leaching (Belal et al., 2020). Fertilizer application through soil has been found to be less successful than applying it through foliage to plants especially for urea (Mosluh et al., 1978). One of the main issues with sustainable agriculture is the over use of nitrogen fertilizer, which results in increased nitrogen release into the environment and decreased crop utilization efficiency, which pollutes the water systems, soil and atmosphere (Zhu et al. 1997). Researchers have even observed that applying nitrogen as foliar has a greater recovery than applying it in the soil (Shim et al., 1972, Klein & Weinbaum 1985). This research aims to assess the appropriate proportion of urea fertilizer application for rice plant growth and development. ABSTRACT As a component of enzymes, hormones, amino acids, nucleic acids, nucleotides, and chlorophyll, nitrogen is a vitally important nutrient for plants. It encourages quick plant growth and enhances grain quality and production through increased protein synthesis, tillering, leaf area development, grain formation and filling. Urea is one of the greatest and popular sources of nitrogen. Rice production is hampered when nitrogen fertilizer, particularly urea, is unavailable during crucial times (flood, sowing season, drought). Studies in different literature have shown that applying nitrogen fertilizer as foliar application in addition to the soil application increases its efficiency. A study was carried out to observe the theme “Evaluation of effectiveness of foliar application of urea fertilizer on growth, development and yield of BRRI Dhan 84 in Rajshahi region’’ in the field of Agronomy and Agricultural extension Department Field, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh from December 2023-April 2024. Six different percentage of urea as foliar application with BRRI Dhan-84 rice variety were used for this study. 1. T1= N0% Control, 2. T2= 65% of recommended dose (N 50% as SA + 15% as FA), 3. T3= 70% of recommended dose (N50% as SA + 20% as FA), 4. T4= 75% of recommended dose (N50 % as SA + 25 % as FA), 5. T5= 80% of recommended dose (N60% as SA + 20% as FA), 6. T6= N100% Soil application (Traditional practice). A randomized complete block design with three replications was applied in this study. Almost all the parameters under this study showed significant results of foliar application of urea. Treatment T4 showed the highest result of phenological and growth parameters than the traditional practice and T1 (control) the lowest. Foliar fertilizer improves crop quality, regulate nutrient deficiencies. It is a fertilizer saving and an economical technique than others. This study adds to the body of knowledge by providing actual data on the dynamics of rice production's profitability, productivity and fertilizer saving. Keywords: Nitrogen; Plant; Production; Grain quality; Fertilizer; Foliar application; Treatment; Growth parameters; Profitability; Productivity.