Research Article EnhancingtheEfficiencyofHorizontalAxisWind Turbines Through Optimization of Blade Parameters HosseinSeifDavari , 1 RuxandraMihaelaBotez, 2 MohsenSeifyDavari, 3 andHarunChowdhury 4 1 Department of Mechanical and Marine Engineering, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran 2 Laboratory of Applied Research in Active Controls, Avionics, and AeroServoelasticity LARCASE, ´ ETS- ´ Ecole de Technologie Sup´erieure, Universit´e du Qu´ebec, Montr´eal H3C 1K3, QC, Canada 3 Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Islamic Azad University, Germi, Iran 4 School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia Correspondence should be addressed to Hossein Seif Davari; hseifdavary@gmail.com Received 27 April 2024; Accepted 20 September 2024 Academic Editor: Yaxin Liu Copyright © 2024 Hossein Seif Davari et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In this research, we delve into the promising potential of horizontal axis wind turbines to efectively meet the electricity needs of developing countries. By addressing the challenges posed by low Reynolds number airfow characteristics, we focus on specifc airfoils—E471, S2055, and RG15—tailored for horizontal axis wind turbine blade optimization. Utilizing QBLADE software, we evaluate the lift coefcient, stall angle of attack, and lift-to-drag ratio coefcient efciency of these airfoils across various thickness-to- camber ratios. Te aerodynamic efciency of the altered airfoils is assessed in terms of lift coefcient, drag coefcient, lift-to-drag ratio coefcient, and stall angle of attack at Reynolds number ranging from 50,000 to 500,000. Te fndings reveal that the optimized thickness-to-camber ratio results in peak lift-to-drag ratio coefcient values surpassing the reference airfoils across the Re range. Tese lift-to-drag ratio coefcient enhancements vary among airfoils and Re values. Furthermore, modifcations to the E471, S2055, and RG15 airfoils increase the peak lift coefcient and stall angle of attack values across all Re ranges examined. Te validation of results is achieved through comparison with experimental testing, solidifying the reliability of QBLADE software in predicting aerodynamic performance. Keywords: aerodynamic; blade; efciency; horizontal axis wind turbines; optimization; stall 1.Introduction Te Reynolds number (Re), a dimensionless quantity, char- acterizes the fow regime over a body, such as an airfoil, and is defned as the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces. It plays a critical role in determining the aerodynamic performance of airfoils, particularly in the context of wind energy systems [1]. Te aerodynamic performance of airfoils plays a crucial role in maximizing the efciency of wind turbines, particularly in the context of low Re fows [2]. Tese issues can signifcantly reduce the lift-to-drag ratio (L/D) and overall efciency of the airfoil, posing a considerable threat to the performance of wind turbines operating in these conditions [3, 4]. AtlowRe,thefowoveranairfoil can experience adverse efects such as early transition from laminar to turbulent fow, increased fow separation, and susceptibility to stall [5]. Tese phenomena lead to a signifcant reduction in the aerodynamic efciency of the airfoil, characterized by a decrement in lift coefcient (C L ) and an increment in drag coefcient (C D ). Te consequence is compromised wind turbine performance, which may exhibit lower power output and reduced operational stability [6, 7]. One of the signifcant challenges in designing and op- timizing wind turbines for low Re is the potential for fow stall, where the airfow detaches from the surface of the airfoil, resulting in a sudden loss of lift [8]. Tis is Wiley Journal of Engineering Volume 2024, Article ID 8574868, 31 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8574868