IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Volume: 05 Issue: 10 | Oct-2016, Available @ http://ijret.esatjournals.org 16 OPTIMIZED DESIGN & ANALYSIS OF STEEL PIPE RACKS FOR OIL & GAS INDUSTRIES AS PER INTERNATIONAL CODES & STANDARDS Nitesh J Singh 1 , Mohammad Ishtiyaque 2 1 P.G Student, Civil Engineering Department, M.I.T, Maharashtra, India 2 Professor, Civil Engineering Department, M.I.T, Maharashtra, India Abstract Optimized Design of Steel Pipe rack supporting structures in an Oil & Gas Industry is complex as one of the most important parts of structural systems for safe and stable production processes have been studied in this paper. In this thesis we have tried to design the Steel Pipe rack as per International standards which has been accepted most part of the world. Transverse direction is considered as Moment frame and Longitudinal as Shear connection to tackle the loading as per piping stress analysis. Plan bracing is provided in top and bottom tier so that lateral deflection can be optimized and distributed to the Anchor bay location. Anchor bay is provided in every Steel structure at maximum interval of. Vertical bracing is provided up to top tier on both Transverse and longitudinal direction so that all the lateral forces get transferred through this vertical bracing to the base. Fireproofing criteria has been also considered as per International standard to tackle fire hazard. The Structure has been designed in two parts as Strength design and Serviceability design for proper analysis and design of structure. Base Plate and Pedestal has been designed as per AISC codes considering support reactions. Then the Footing is designed in Staad Foundation by importing Staad model to get optimized footing design. Keywords: Oil & Gas, Steel Pipe Rack, Transverse, Longitudinal Direction, Fireproofing, Staad Foundation, AISC Codes etc…… --------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. INTRODUCTION Pipe networks are considered as main components of industrial complexes like refineries and petrochemicals that transfer fluid and gas and any damage in their structures may be dangerous. Although the value of stability analysis has long been recognized, implementation in design has historically been difficult as calculations were performed primarily by hand. Various methods were created to simplify the analysis and allow the engineer to partially include the effects of stability via hand calculations. However, with the development of powerful analysis software, rigorous methods to account for stability effects were developed. While stability analysis calculations can still be done by hand, most engineers now have access to software that will complete a rigorous stability analysis. Stability analysis is a broad term that covers many aspects of the design process. According to the 2010 AISC Specification for Structural Steel Buildings (AISC 360-10) stability analysis shall consider the influence of second order effects (P-Δ and P-δ effects), flexural, shear and axial deformations, geometric imperfections, and member stiffness reduction due to residual stresses. The main reason for life loss is collapse of structures It is said that natural calamities itself never kills people; it is badly constructed structure that kill. Hence it is important to analyze the structure properly for different natural calamities like earthquake, cyclones, floods and typhoons etc. 1.1 Wind Effect ASCE 7-05 provides very little, if any guidance for application of wind load for pipe racks. The most appropriate application would be to assume the pipe rack is an open structure and design the structure assuming a design philosophy similar to that of a trussed tower. See Table 3-1 below for Cf, force coefficient. This method requires the engineer to calculate the ratio of solid area to gross area of one tower face for the segment under consideration. This may become very tedious for pipe rack structures because each face can have varying ratios of solids to gross areas. Tower Cross Section C f Square 4.0ε 2 -5.9ε+4.0 Triangle 3.4ε 2 -4.7ε+3.4