Ulumuna Journal of Islamic Studies publish by State Islamic Institute Mataram Vol. 19, No. 1, 2015, p. 111-136 Print ISSN: 1411-3457, Online ISSN: 2355-7648 Available online at http://ejurnal.iainmataram.ac.id/index.php/ulumuna Copyright © 2015 by Ulumuna All right reserved. This work is licensed under (CC-BY-NC-ND) 111 MANHAJ FIQH SALAFI-LITERAL EKSPLORASI, KRITIK DAN APRESIASI Miftahul Huda Fakultas Syariah IAIN Mataram Email: miftahuda09@gmail.com Abstract: In the midst of various thoughts and applications of sharī‘ah in social life, and due to the historical momentum in nowadays, the method (manhaj) of literal-salafī is one of the most highlighted, appreciated and criticized aspects, both in theoretical and practical perspectives. This article is aimed to explore and describe systematically some aspects of such a method and then put them on the critical analysis framework in the epistemological and sociohistorical perspectives. Such a method has really its own superiorities and attraction in certain aspects, especially in theological and ideological views. That is due to the more consistent reference to the main sources of Islamic law, the Qur‟an and the Sunnah. But in another side, there are weaknesses that should not be ignored, both in epistemological and sociological view. Those weaknesses have really been existed in its fundamental paradigms, doctrines, and also because such a manhaj has not yet been sufficiently developed in detail and practical concepts. Keywords: Salafī, literal, manhaj, ijtihād, nas\s\. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v19i1.1253 Pendahuluan SEBELUM Rasulullah Saw. wafat, kaum muslimin tidak mengalami kesulitan untuk memahami ajaran Islam, dan untuk menyelesaikan perbedaan pemahaman di antara mereka, karena semua dapat diklarifikasi kepada beliau. Apalagi saat itu jumlah mereka belum terlalu besar dan domisili mereka juga belum terpencar di berbagai negeri yang saling berjauhan. Namun setelah Rasulullah wafat, mereka segera memasuki fase di mana tidak ada lagi rujukan yang sepenuhnya otoritatif, dan selalu siap untuk menjelaskan dan menyelesaikan perbedaan