121 © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature
Switzerland AG 2024
D. Mishra, J. D Long (eds.), A Pragmatic Approach to Religion And
Sustainability, New Approaches to the Scientific Study of Religion 15,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-67360-3_11
Indigenous Beliefs and Practices
for Sustainability Among the Mao Nagas
Benjamin Kodai Kaje and Kennedy Andrew Thomas
Introduction
The Mao Nagas, like many tribes in North East India, were caught off-guard
between trends of modernity and the pride of belonging to a rich cultural past. They
are torn between clinging to the past and conveniently embracing a contemporary
lifestyle. Modern education has brought about tremendous development in the rural
areas of the tribals in different parts of India. The time has come to pause and pon-
der to critically evaluate the changes effected by modern education in society.
Jawaharlal Nehru stated that the tribals should be helped to ‘grow according to their
own genius and tradition’ (Elwin 2014). They never exploited the land and the for-
est for greed and selfishness. Forest and natural products were utilized only to meet
their required needs and not beyond. William Blake wrote, ‘Great things are done
when Men and Mountains meet; this is not done by Jostling in the Street.’
Most tribal people lack the written records needed to transfer information through
secret scrolls or books. The belief system and ideals are upheld with fervent solidar-
ity, and society does not readily accept any deviant behaviour (Ariina 2019).
According to the Mao tradition, there is no personal love between God and people;
rather, there is awe, astonishment, and dread of the cosmic energy (Daniel 2021).
The triangular relationship of God, man, and nature are inexplicably linked and
interconnected. The spiritual realm of the indigenous people plays a huge part in
their lives.
B. K. Kaje (*)
School of Education, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
e-mail: benjamin.kaje@res.christuniversity.in
K. A. Thomas
Centre for Education Beyond Curriculum, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
e-mail: kennedy.andrew@christuniversity.in