Sys Rev Pharm 2020; 11(6): 858 863 A multifaceted review journal in the field of pharmacy E-ISSN 0976-2779 P-ISSN 0975-8453 858 Systematic Review Pharmacy Vol 11, Issue 6, 2020 Inhibitory Power Test of White Rice Bran Extract (Oryza sativa L.) with the Solution of Ethanol and Aquades on Porphyromonas gingivalis (In Vitro) Bacteria Harun Achmad 1 , Marhamah F. Singgih 1 , Huldani 2 , Al Frida Ramdhani 3 , Yunita Feby Ramadhany 4 1 Department of Pedodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia. 2 Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia 3 Clinical Dental Student, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia. 4 Dentist, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia. Correspondence Author: harunachmader@gmail.com Article History: Submitted: 13.04.2020 Revised: 17.05.2020 Accepted: 24.06.2020 ABSTRACT Background: Bran is byproduct of the rice milling process and rice waste. Out of 32 million tons of rice obtained by rice bran as a byproduct of around 2,5 million tons. White rice bran (Oryza sativa L.) has many bioactive ingredients, one of which is a phenol compound. Phenol compound are known to have antibacterial activity. Porphyromonas gingivalis (p.gingivalis) is one of Gram negative anaerobic that contribute to the occurrence of periodontal disease, so that materials that have antibacterial properties are very necessary to be given to inhibit the growth of these bacteria. Objectives: Knowing the inhibitory effect of white rice bran extract (Oryza sativa L.) with ethanol and aquadest solvents to P.gingivalis bacteria at concentrations of 12,5%, 25%, 50%, 75% and to determine the difference in the effectiveness of white rice bran extract (Oryza sativa L.) with ethanol and aquadest solvents to P.gingivalis bacteria. Methods: This research was laboratory experiment with post test only control group design with diffusion method Kirby Bauer. In this research with 6 repetitions with extract at concentrations of 12,5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, positive control (Chlorhexidine), and negative control (aquadest). The measuring instrument in this research was using caliper with millimeters (mm). Analysis data was using Krusskal Wallis continued by Mann Whitney test. Results: The results showed that white rice bran extract at concentrations of 12,5%, 25%, 50%, 75% with ethanol and aquadest solvents are significantly influence (Krusskal Wallis test showed p value = 0,000 (p<0,005) to inhibit the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Conclusions: white rice bran extract at concentrations of 12,5%, 25%, 50%, 75% with ethanol and aquadest solvents can inhibit the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria and inhibit zone that ethanol result is more then aquadest solvent. The inhibition zone produced by white rice bran extract with ethanol solvent is almost the same as the chlorhexidine inhibition zone. Keywords: White rice bran extract (Oryza sativa L), Antibacterial, Ethanol, Aquadest, Porphyromonas gingivalis Correspondence: Harun Achmad Department of Pedodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia E-mail: harunachmader@gmail.com DOI: 10.31838/srp.2020.6.123 @Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved INTRODUCTION Oral health is important for general health and quality of life. Oral health means free throat cancer, infections and sores in the mouth, gum disease, tooth decay, and other diseases, resulting in disorders that limit one's to bite, chew, smile, talk, and psychosocial well-being. 1,2,3,4 One of the most common dental and oral diseases in the community is periodontal disease. WHO (World Health Organization) also reports that dental and oral diseases such as dental caries, periodontal disease, early tooth loss, oral cancer associated with HIV/ AIDS, trauma to teeth is a global burden in various countries. Periodontal disease that is often encountered is inflammation of the gums or gingivitis and plaque bacteria are the main etiological factors of periodontal disease. 3,5,6 Porphromonas gingivalis is a Gram negative anaerobic type involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and other inflammatory diseases that destroy tooth supporting tissues. 7,8 Porphyromonas gingivalis is an anaerobic gram- negative bacterium which is a normal flora in the human oral cavity found in the area of gingival sulcus, subgingival plaque, tongue and tonsils. 9 The use of natural ingredients for dental and oral health has been widely used because it has a therapeutic effect namely controlling plaque, gingivitis, halitosis and preventing tooth decay. 10 The use of natural ingredients as antibacterial must be higher, given the side effects caused by the use of chemicals on dental and oral health, such as the appearance of brown on the teeth, ulceration, pain and parasthesia. 11 In knowing the effectiveness of an antibacterial extract it is necessary to note the type of solvent used. The type of solvent used during extraction can affect the inhibitory power or antibacterial activity of the extract. 8 In this study, we will see the comparison of the effectiveness of white rice bran extract macerated using ethanol 96% with macerated bran extract using aquades solvent. By using two types of solvents in making bran extract, a comparison of the effectiveness between the two solvents that will be used to make extracts to test the inhibition of the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria will be obtained. RESEARCH METHOD The type of research used is experimental laboratory. a. The cause variable in this study is white rice bran extract obtained by filtering the smoothest part of the remaining rice mill (bran), then maceration with ethanol 96% solvent and sterile aquades solvent. The extract is diluted according to the required concentration. b. Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria that are stored in agar media, then measured inhibition zones after being given treatment given from the independent variable and control with paper disk. Tools and materials : Tools: petri dishes, Erlenmeyer flasks, bunsen burner, glass jars, suction pipettes, round oases, incubators, autoclaves, vial bottles, rotary evaporators, ovens, rack and test tubes, blenders, filter devices, reaction cups.