A Comparison of Intimate Partner
Violence Between Jordanian Nurses
and Jordanian Women
Ahlam Al-Natour, PhD, MSN, RN
1
, Gordon Lee Gillespie, PhD, PHCNS-BC, FAEN
2
,
Lihshing Leigh Wang, PhD
2
, and Dianne Felblinger, EdD, MSN, RN, WHNP-BC, CNS
2
ABSTRACT
Intimate partner violence is a serious international problem. It is not known if the extent of intimate partner
violence for Jordanian nurses is similar to that of Jordanian women. Until the rate is known, implementation
of nursing interventions for Jordanian women may be thwarted. The study purpose was to determine the
rate of intimate partner violence among Jordanian nurses working in governmental health settings in a
northern city of Jordan and to compare the rate to published statistics for a community sample of Jordanian
women. A cross-sectional survey design was used for this study. A stratified random sample of 80 Jordanian
nurses working in governmental women’s health centers and public hospitals in a northern city of Jordan
was invited to participate. Institutional review board approval was granted. Participants completed the
Woman Abuse Screening Tool in a private room at their work site. No identifiers were added to the survey
forms. Chi-squared goodness-of-fit tests were computed to compare the rate of intimate partner violence
between the study sample and reported statistics for Jordanian women. Approximately 59% of participants
experienced psychological violence, 12.5% experienced physical violence, and 5.1% experienced sexual
violence. No significant differences were found in the rates of violence for the study sample and published
data for a community sample of Jordanian women. Intimate partner violence is as prevalent against
Jordanian nurses as it is for Jordanian women. Intimate partner violence needs to be addressed to prevent
potential sequelae such as decreased work productivity and an inability to provide safe patient care.
KEY WORDS:
emotional; intimate partner violence; Jordan; nurses; physical; psychological; sexual
P
hysical, sexual, and psychological violence against
intimate partners continues to be a global phe-
nomenon with a detrimental impact on community
health. Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been reported
among 10 countries to be as high as 71% (Garcia-
Moreno, Jansen, Ellsberg, Heise, & Watts, 2006). The
frequency rate of IPV against women in Jordan is as high
as 19.6% for physical violence and 47.5% for psychological
violence enacted by their husbands (Al-Nsour, Khawaja, &
Al-Kayyali, 2009).
IPV results in poor physical and mental health. IPV
sequelae include headaches, unwanted pregnancies, spon-
taneous abortions, gastrointestinal disorders, depression,
and poor overall health (Campbell et al., 2002; Garcia-
Moreno et al., 2006; Mburia-Mwalili, Clements-Nolle,
Lee, Shadley, & Yang, 2010; Svavarsdottir & Orlygsdottir,
2009). Furthermore, about 38% of IPV victims incur
physical injuries (Btoush, Campbell, & Gebbie, 2009;
Fletcher, 2010). Not surprisingly, IPV is associated with
a greater utilization of healthcare services (Fletcher,
2010).
Female nurses, like women in the general population,
are at risk for victimization by their intimate partners.
Bracken, Messing, Campbell, La Flair, and Kub (2010)
Author Affiliations:
1
Jordan University of Science and
Technology, and
2
University of Cincinnati.
This study was funded by the Sigma Theta Tau International
Small Grant.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Correspondence: Gordon Lee Gillespie, PhD, PHCNS-BC,
FAEN, College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, 2600 Clifton
Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45220. E-mail: gordon.gillespie@uc.edu.
Received May 20, 2013; accepted for publication October 29, 2013.
Copyright © 2014 International Association of Forensic Nurses
DOI: 10.1097/JFN.0000000000000016
Original Article
Journal of Forensic Nursing www.journalforensicnursing.com 13
Copyright © 2014 International Association of Forensic Nurses. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.