Applied Mathematics, 2016, 7, 177-182
Published Online February 2016 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/am
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/am.2016.73017
How to cite this paper: Moss, C.B., Mbaye, S. and Oehmke, J.F. (2016) Information Measures of Wages and Employment:
Application to Senegal. Applied Mathematics, 7, 177-182. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/am.2016.73017
Information Measures of Wages and
Employment: Application to Senegal
Charles B. Moss
1
, Samba Mbaye
2
, James F. Oehmke
3
1
Food and Resource Economics Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
2
Department of Economics and Management Scienes, Universite Gaston Berger de Saint Louis, Saint Louis,
Senegal
3
United States Agency for International Development, Washington DC, USA
Received 5 November 2015; accepted 22 February 2016; published 25 February 2016
Copyright © 2016 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Abstract
This paper develops an information theoretic estimator of wage and employment shifts that pro-
vides quantification of and inference about type of employment (full time, part time, seasonal,
unemployed) and industry share of employment. It is applied to determine the effects of two
United States Agency for International Development (USAID) projects on employment in villages
in the Tambacounda and Kedougou provinces in Senegal. The projects support the development of
local forest-based production and processing industries. The results demonstrate statistically sig-
nificant and positive effects on employment and the industry composition of employment.
Keywords
Information Theory, Agribusiness Development, Agro-Forestry, Forest Resources, Poverty
Reduction
1. Introduction
An emerging literature recognizes the importance of rural non-farm employment in development processes
[1]-[3] and poverty reduction [4]-[6], as do political statements such as the African Union’s Malabo Declaration
including support for creating “job opportunities for at least 30%” of African youth, focused on rural and agri-
business employment. Yet the development literature is relatively under-invested in empirical measurement that
quantifies a systemic shift from subsistence agriculture to rural wage employment. Current measures quantify
changes in the share of employment in a particular sector such as manufacturing or services, but they do not
provide systemic comparison of industry-level employment data across local rural economies. However, a de-