Displaced in a Land
of Denial: Who is an
IDP in Lebanon’s
Reluctant War?
Jasmin Lilian Diab
1
Abstract
This study examines the Lebanese government’s strategic indifference towards
internally displaced persons (IDPs) from South Lebanon, especially after the
October 2023 conflict between Israel and Hezbollah. Using in-depth interviews
and participant observations, the research highlights how displaced individuals
navigate their precarious situations without formal recognition and support. By
not acknowledging IDP status, the government evades legal and moral respon-
sibilities, forcing reliance on informal networks and humanitarian aid. This per-
petuates IDPs’ invisibility and marginalisation, hindering their ability to meet basic
needs and rebuild lives. The study underscores the power dynamics and state-to-
citizen relations shaping IDPs’ treatment in Lebanon.
Keywords
Internal displacement, protection, humanitarianism, forced migration, Arab-Israeli
Conflict
Introduction
“[...] but it’s almost as though we’re only ‘displaced’ if they acknowledge the war. Only
then can we require some sort of ‘formal’ status or protection. How do I self-designate
myself an IDP if “Lebanon does not want a war”? In all honesty, maybe I don’t even
feel like one. It’s not an option to feel like one.”
–Anonymous 1, South Lebanon, January 21, 2024
Following Hamas’ attack on 7 October 2023, Israel’s disproportionate bombard-
ment and mass destruction of Gaza led to renewed clashes the following day
Original Article
Migration and Development
1–15
© 2025 The Author(s)
Article reuse guidelines:
in.sagepub.com/journals-permissions-india
DOI: 10.1177/21632324241309429
journals.sagepub.com/home/mad
1
Institute for Migration Studies, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut,
Lebanon
Corresponding author:
Jasmin Lilian Diab, Institute for Migration Studies, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American
University, Beirut 03797751, Lebanon.
E-mail: jasminlilian.diab@lau.edu.lb