14 Clinical Research in Hematology • Vol 4 • Issue 1 • 2021 INTRODUCTION C igarette smoking and the use of other tobacco products became an important cause of increased mortality and morbidity in developed countries, [1] because it increases the risk of heart disease, diabetes, lung cancer, respiratory disorders, and other illnesses. [2] Nicotine is one of hundreds of substances contained in cigarette smoke. [1] It is a highly toxic organic compound containing nitrogen and alkaloid which is mostly found in tobacco, [3] and responsible for its addiction .[4] Nicotine may be induce production of free radicals and consequently oxidative stress .[5] People who smoke and also who are exposed to cigarette smoke indirectly by breathing the air in the same environment are exposed to nicotine induced oxidative stress. [6,7] Oxidative stress would result in increased free radical injury in the tissue leading to extensive tissue damage with subsequent derangement of ORIGINAL ARTICLE Ameliorative Effects of Fenugreek Seeds and Curcumin against Hematoxicity Induced by Nicotine in Male Albino Rats Azab Elsayed Azab 1 , Mohamed Omar Albasha 2 , Manal Abuelkasem Elnaif 3 1 Physiology Depatrment, Faculty of Medicine, Sabratha University, Libya, 2 Zoology Depatrment, Faculty of Science, Alejalat, Zawia University, Libya, 3 Zoology Depatrment, Faculty of Science, Zawia University, Libya ABSTRACT The present study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of fenugreek seeds and curcumin against hematoxicity induced by nicotine in male albino rats. 30 male F-344/NHsd Fischer rats, weighing from 180 to 200g were used in the present study. The animals were divided into five groups (6 rats for each); Group I (control group), Group II (nicotine treated group), Group III (nicotine/fenugreek seeds co-administered), Group IV (nicotine/curcumin co-administered), and Group V (nicotine/curcumin& fenugreek seeds co-administered). At the end of the experimentation and 24 hours after the last dose, All animals were anaesthetized with ether and blood samples were collected by heart puncture. The samples were collected in clean dry tubes containing the anticoagulant substance EDTA and used for the hematological studies. The results showed that the animals treated with nicotine for 4 weeks showed a significant decrease in RBCs count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value, MCH, MCHC, and platelets count, and increased MCV and WBCs count as compared to the control group. Co-administration of nicotine with fenugreek and/or curcumin caused improvement in all hematological when compared with nicotine group. It can be concluded that nicotine had a strong effect on the hematological parameters. The ingestion of fenugreek and/or curcumin prevent the hematoxicity induced by nicotine. The current study suggests that fenugreek and curcumin may be useful in combating free radical-induced hematotoxicity induced by nicotine. Key words: Nicotine, Hematotoxicity, Fenugreek, Curcumin, Co-administration, Male albino rats. Address for correspondence: Azab Elsayed Azab, Physiology Depatrment, Faculty of Medicine, Sabratha University, Libya. DOI: 10.33309/2639-8354.040104 © 2021 The Author(s). This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.