Machines 2022, 10, 683. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10080683 www.mdpi.com/journal/machines
Article
Design and Mechanical Behavior of a Custom Adapter for
Dimensional Stone Mining
Zoltán Virág
1,
* and Sándor Szirbik
2
1
Institute of Mining and Geotechnical Engineering, University of Miskolc, H-3515 Miskolc, Hungary
2
Institute of Applied Mechanics, University of Miskolc, H-3515 Miskolc, Hungary
* Correspondence: gtbvir@uni-miskolc.hu
Abstract: The paper deals with the development of a dimensional rock sawing machine to optimize
the production of small-volume dimensional stone products in limestone quarries by re-thinking
the use of production and transport equipment. A low-volume mining production and transporta-
tion adapter to be developed for both production and transport can reduce the number of mining
machines to be used in the mine. After cutting around the block stone, the rock material can be
moved with the help of the machine. Cutting tests were performed to determine the winning prop-
erties of the limestone. The first objective of the paper was to calculate the cutting forces and cutting
powers and eliminate the failure possibilities and vibrations. In this study, the eigenvalue extraction
used to calculate the natural frequencies and mode shapes was based on the Lanczos iteration meth-
ods using the Abaqus software to identify any potentially dangerous frequencies. By taking the load
cases from modelling of the extraction of limestone and the transport of block stones, the defor-
mation and strength properties of the adapter were also examined using FE analysis for stress/dis-
placement analysis. Drawing the conclusion from finite element analysis, the construction of the
adapter can be developed and checked. The results can be used with great confidence, so the main
dimensions of the concept serve as the basis for the dimensions of the adapter.
Keywords: dimension limestone; chainsaw cutting; prototype adapter; mechanical analysis;
sustainability
1. Introduction
Limestone has been a popular building material for millennia. These stones were
easy to mine and transport. The Celts and the Romans used this stone as well, but it be-
came a popular building material from the 18th century. These structures are under the
protection of monuments, so they can only be renovated with the original building mate-
rial.
There is worldwide growing demand for the natural stone industry. Related technol-
ogies seek to find solutions to mining challenges. There are low production rates and high
production costs. The economic costs and technological developments have led stone
product companies to innovate new working methods and machinery, enabling increased
cutting rates and lower production costs. Studies conducted efficiency analysis and ex-
amined the block production and cutting performance of cutting machines in block pro-
duction [1,2]. Optimizing the mining production of small-volume dimensional stone
products is also a re-thinking of the use of production and transport equipment in one.
The development of the mining machine was planned to reduce the expenses of running
mining businesses, which include mining operations and costs of maintenance. Research
and strategies to improve the mining cycle in stone exploitation and to reduce its impact
have been reported. The paper [3] by Vagnon et al. reported that advances in the assess-
ment of characteristics and environmental impacts of natural building stones are the
Citation: Virág, Z.; Szirbik, S. Design
and Mechanical Behavior of a
Custom Adapter for Dimensional
Stone Mining. Machines 2022, 10, 683.
https://doi.org/10.3390/
machines10080683
Academic Editor: Kai Cheng
Received: 13 July 2022
Accepted: 10 August 2022
Published: 11 August 2022
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