EAS Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences
Abbreviated Key Title: EAS J Nutr Food Sci
ISSN: 2663-1873 (Print) & ISSN: 2663-7308 (Online)
Published By East African Scholars Publisher, Kenya
Volume-5 | Issue-5 | Sep-Oct; 2023 | DOI:10.36349/easjnfs.2023.v05i05.001
*Corresponding Author: Ezomoh O. Olubunmi 127
Department of Biochemistry, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Original Research Article
Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Catfish and Tilipia Fish from Bayelsa
River Nigeria
Ezomoh O. Olubunmi
1*
, Ebizimor B. Tamarapreye
1
, Fredrick A. Kelvin
1
, Ebizimor Wodu
1
1
Department of Biochemistry, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Article History
Received: 13.08.2023
Accepted: 20.09.2023
Published: 23.09.2023
Journal homepage:
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Abstract: The volume of heavy metals in two different fish samples were
examined in this report, dry ashing was adopted to digest the samples and the
determination of the heavy metals were evaluated using atomic absorption
spectrophotometer. from the analyzed sample the concentration of cadimium in all
the samples analyzed were below WHO permissible limits which is 0.2 mg/kg,
From the different analyzed samples the concentration of lead was below the
WHO’s allowable limits which is 0.05 mg/kg, however, catfish and tilapia fish
samples gotten from Amasomma have the highest concentration of lead 0.0042
±0.0021 and 0.0030 ±0.001 respectively. The concentration of cadmium,
Aluminium and Manganese are below WHO permissible limits for these heavy
metals.
Keyword: Catfish and Tilipia Fish, atomic absorption spectrophotometer,
cadimium.
Copyright © 2023 The Author(s): This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
License (CC BY-NC 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial use provided the original
author and source are credited.
INTRODUCTION
The Aquatic ecosystems are among the top
sources of pollution sinks. Water contamination is a
consequence of social undertakings such as
urbanization, industrialization, and agricultural
practices. Fertilizers, pesticides, and sewage originating
from household and commercial sources ultimately
infiltrate aquatic ecosystems as a result of improper
handling and application practices. Environmental
contamination is one of the biggest problems facing
modern society (Ali et al., 2019). The prevalence of
environmental pollution is increasing due to rapidly
expanding businesses, rising energy needs, and
thoughtless loss of natural resources over the past few
decades (Gautam et al., 2016). The soil and aquatic
ecology are continually being exposed to a variety of
harmful organic and inorganic chemicals from several
anthropogenic and natural sources. Briffa et al., (2020)
asserted that amongst these, heavy metals present the
most significant ecological hazard owing to their toxic
properties and knack to amass in the food chain. Heavy
metals released into the environment from sources such
as households, farms, factories, power plants, mines,
and wastewater treatment facilities have the greatest
impact on natural habitats. A study on this topic was
recently published (Gheorghe et al., 2017).
Heavy metals are those that have a higher
density than water according to Fergusson (1990). If
there is a correlation between mass and toxicity, then
metalloids like arsenic, that can be deadly even at low
doses, would also be considered heavy metals (Duffus,
2002).
Recently, significant ecological and global
public health concerns have been connected to
environmental poisoning by these metals. Human
exposure has also expanded dramatically because of the
meteoric rise in their use across a wide variety of
sectors and end uses, including manufacturing,
agriculture, home goods, and technology (Bradl, 2002).
Heavy metals have been found in the environment from
a range of geological, industrial, atmospheric,
agricultural, medicinal and household sources (He et
al., 2005). Mines, foundries, smelters, and other
industrial activities involving metals are major
contributors to environmental contamination (He et al.,
2005; Bradl, 2002; Fergusson, 1990).
Aquatic life is particularly vulnerable to heavy
metals since they can be ingested directly from the
water or the soil. Fishes are primarily impacted because
they are the main consumers of the aquatic ecosystem
(Youssef & Tayel, 2004). According to Luo et al.,
(2014), heavy metal toxicity can occasionally harm fish