*Corresponding author: hedipudjos@gmail.com
The Reception of Memes as Political Information in the Media
Hedi Pudjo Santosa
*1
, Sri Budi Lestari
1
, Primada Qurrota Ayun
1
1
Department of Communication, Universitas Diponegoro, Central Java, Indonesia
Abstract. Lately memes have been using as viral marketing for products in advertising or satire in political
campaigns in Indonesia. In 2013 Richard Dawkins, the author of The Selfish Gene (1976), characterized
that memes on the internet as a human creativity. The pictures in the meme are tailored to the user's feelings
and become the feeling of society. Meme cannot be said to be the ideal journalistic formula because most
of them do not use the 5W + 1H journalism rule. Ironically though meme is not information that contains
accuracy, relevance, and completeness of journalism, but at the same time it is in great demand even highly
trusted, as they are easily accepted as information. While information that does not contain accuracy, often
called hoax news. In Indonesia meme experiencing a surge in volume during the last 2014 presidential
election; there are so many memes about Jokowi and Prabowo circulating on the Internet at the time, and
later also many outstanding memes that contain the image in the form of satire, silly and even funny. Meme
phenomenon related closely with the ease of dissemination of information through the media, especially
online media. Bauckhage (2011: 42), meme usually develops through comments, imitations, parodies, or
even media coverage. Meanwhile, according to Shifman (2013: 362), meme phrases are generally applied
to describe propaganda. In Indonesia, meme is dominated by political news and satire especially during the
2014 presidential election.
Keywords: Reception, Meme, Political information, New Media
1 Introduction
The fast development of technology in this era has
made information easier to be spread and accessed.
Morissan explained that in regard of freedom of media
when delivering news there has to be information which
represents various sides and responds to numerous
interests and need [1].
However, there’s a shift in journalistic work nowadays
that in delivering information the fundamental formula
of 5w+1h often ignored. Every information product of
media shall prioritize accuracy and relevancy of the
news. Accuracy is the conformity of the delivered news
and the sources of the news. Aside of both aspects
completeness of the news is also a crucial factor of
information [2].
In the last couple of years there’s a new trend of
information through weird and funny pictures with
sarcastic meaning used to express someone’s feelings in
cyber world. Some of Indonesian netizens identify this
information through pictures as meme (read: meem).
A meme usually circulates in internet through one’s
social media to another and it can be really popular
because aside of way of joking, it also can be used as
strategy by a professional public relations marketing.
Not only that because lately meme can also be used as a
means of political campaign for viral marketing both for
product commercial and as a satire in political
campaign.
In 2013, Richard Dawkins, the author of The Selfish
Gene (1976), characterized internet meme as human
creativity and because of that, the pictures that used
reflect the feeling of the users. It’s also because of the
same reason why meme cannot be included as the ideal
works of journalism because it doesn’t contain proper
format. Ironically, despite the absence of accuracy,
relevancy and competency of its elements, it attracts
huge interest from the audience as reliable source due to
its understandable nature. However, information
without accuracy could be pointed as hoax. As quoted
from the statement of Masyarakat Anti Hoax Indonesia
(Indonesia Anti Hoax Community) chairman in a press
conference in celebrating “Masyarakat Anti Fitnah
Yojomase” on January 14th 2017:
“...(a lot of) people are divided because of
(believing) in hoax news and it can
accelerate into physical violence. Hoax
within information or news are going
rampant as one of the effects of mass
development in cyber technology. Almost
everyone can access any information they
want from their smartphones. Afterwards,
it was also mentioned that approximately
130 million of Indonesian people accessed
internet through their mobile devices, but
in contrast the cultural literacy is the
second lowest in the world. Hence, the
https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201873 , (2018) E3S Web of Conferences 73
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© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0
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