_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1170 https://www.id-press.eu/mjms/index ID Design Press, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2019 Apr 15; 7(7):1170-1173. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.219 eISSN: 1857-9655 Clinical Science P53 and Survival Rate in Penile Cancer Fauriski Febrian Prapiska * , Syah Mirsya Warli Department of Urology, University of Sumatera Utara Hospital, Medan, Indonesia Citation: Prapiska FF, Warli SM. P53 and Survival Rate in Penile Cancer. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Apr 15; 7(7):1170-1173. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.219 Keywords: P53 expression; Survival rate; Penile cancer; Gene overexpression; Mortality *Correspondence: Fauriski Febrian Prapiska. Department of Urology, University of Sumatera Utara Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. E-mail: fauriski@gmail.com Received: 15-Jan-2019; Revised: 17-Mar-2019; Accepted: 18-Mar-2019; Online first: 14-Apr-2019 Copyright: © 2019 Fauriski Febrian Prapiska, Syah Mirsya Warli. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) Funding: This research did not receive any financial support Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist Abstract BACKGROUND: Penile cancer accounts for 0.4-0.6% of all malignancy in men in Europe and the United States of America. It also accounts for 10% of all malignancy in men in some Asian, South American, and African countries. P53 protein has the function to regulate apoptosis in the cell cycle. Therefore, the presence of p53 in cells may indicate higher proliferative activity of the cells as a feedback mechanism, indicating disease progression. AIM: This study aims to identify the association between p53 expression and survival rate in penile cancer patients. METHODS: This study was a retrospective observational analytic study. This study was conducted in Pathology Anatomy Laboratory Faculty of the Medicine University of Sumatera Utara/Haji Adam Malik Hospital/University of Sumatera Utara Hospital to assess p53 expression. This study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2018. RESULTS: The total subjects in this study were 33 with the mean age of 50.79 ± 10.62. Based on clinical stage, patients in this study are divided into 11 patients (33.3%) in stage T II and 22 patients (66.7%) in stage T III/T IV. P53 expression was positive in 13 patients (35.3%). There were 19 patients (57.6) alive and 14 patients (42.4%) deceased. Statistical analysis using chi-square showed that there was an association between p53 expression and mortality (p = 0.011). In the Kaplan-Meier Curve for 3-year overall survival based on p53 expression, the survival rate in 36 months in the p53 positive group is 18%, while in p53 negative group, the survival rate was 60%. The survival rate based on p53 status was significantly different (p = 0.025). CONCLUSION: There is a significant association between p53 expression and mortality in penile cancer patients. In conclusion, p53 expression in penile cancer cells examined by immunohistochemistry may show prognostic values in the disease progression. Introduction Penile cancer accounts for 0.4-0.6% of all malignancy in men in Europe and the United States of America. It also accounts for 10% of all malignancy in men in some Asian, South American, and African countries [1]. In Indonesia, there were 69 men diagnosed with penile malignancies in Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Dharmais Hospital Jakarta Cancer Center for 11 years period (1994- 2005) [2]. Another study in Sanglah Hospital Bali showed that there were 46 penile cancer patients for 8 years period. Meanwhile, in Haji Adam Malik Medan Hospital, the incidence of penile cancer for the last 4 years (2012-2015) was 34 patients [3], [4]. The principal value in the management of penile cancer is the levitation of the tumour with good organ preservation along partial or total penectomy in regards to lowering the recurrence rate. Aside from the treatment of a primary tumour, the involvement of the lymph node remains to be an important factor in enhancing the patient’s prognosis. Penile cancer is an aggressive disease. The success rate of local lesion treatment is only for early stage disease. Besides, the more-progressive and advanced disease with the involvement of regional lymph node or distant metastasis remains a problem in the field of neuro- oncology [4]. The incidence of penile cancer varies within circumcision status, hygiene standard, phimosis, sexual partner, Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, tobacco exposure, and other factors [1]. Etiologic factors known were chronic irritation from smegma, a product from bacterial activity in desquamated cells that are accumulated in the