https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463241288544 South African Journal of Psychology 2024, Vol. 54(4) 567–580 © The Author(s) 2024 Article reuse guidelines: sagepub.com/journals-permissions DOI: 10.1177/00812463241288544 journals.sagepub.com/home/sap Exploring worker subjectivity: shaping industrial and organizational psychology in post-apartheid South Africa Sandiso Bazana Abstract This article critically evaluates the role of industrial–organizational psychology in post-apartheid South Africa, advocating for a transformative framework that addresses the socio-political and historical inequalities in the workplace. The article highlights how industrial–organizational psychology has traditionally focused on organizational efficiency, often aligned with capitalist interests, while overlooking the socio-historical forces shaping worker experiences, particularly related to race, gender, and class. By introducing the concept of worker subjectivity, the article calls for a reimagined industrial–organizational psychology that integrates critical perspectives from psychology and management studies to better understand how workers navigate their identities and agency within broader socio-political structures. The author emphasizes the need to address the emotional and psychological dimensions of worker experiences, especially in the South African context marked by the legacies of colonialism and apartheid. By focusing on worker subjectivity, industrial–organizational psychology can move beyond traditional quantitative methods and engage with the complexities of workplace inequality. This approach aligns industrial–organizational psychology with the broader mission of the Psychological Society of South Africa to promote socially just and inclusive practices. The article also calls for interdisciplinary collaboration and the reformation of industrial–organizational psychology education to better equip practitioners with the tools needed to address the realities of post- apartheid workplaces. Keywords Industrial–organizational psychology, post-apartheid, social justice, worker subjectivity, workplace inequality Rhodes University, South Africa Corresponding author: Sandiso Bazana, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa. Email: s.bazana@ru.ac.za 1288544SAP 0 0 10.1177/00812463241288544South African Journal of PsychologyBazana research-article 2024 Article