Health Scope. 2024 February; 13(1):e142408.
Published online 2024 February 17.
https://doi.org/10.5812/healthscope-142408.
Systematic Review
Analysis of Fungal Infections and Public Community Literature in Iran:
A Systematic Review
Abdolahad Nabiolahi
1
, Fateme Koul
2
and Nasser Keikha
3, *
1
Department of Medical Library and Information Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
2
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
3
Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical
Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
*
Corresponding author: Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan
University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Email: nasserkeikha@yahoo.com
Received 2023 October 24; Revised 2024 January 10; Accepted 2024 January 21.
Abstract
Context: Today, the emergence of fungal infections in public places has become a focus, especially in developing countries.
Objectives: The present study aimed to study the literature on fungal infections in public places in Iran to find a variety of fungal
infections.
Study Selection: A search was performed to identify relevant studies in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Scientific Information
Database (SID), and Magiran databases from 2010 to 2022 using special keywords and equivalents. Overall, 25 studies met the
inclusion criteria. Finally, the required information was extracted and discussed.
Results: The research findings indicate that the research design of most of the papers was cross-sectional. Most of the studies
in the field of fungal infections in public environments in Iran have been carried out in places such as swimming pools, schools,
some health-related environments, cultivation environments, and soil. Different species of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor, and
Mucormycosis were identified in the environments.
Conclusions: Examination of different species showed a combination of superficial, skin, mucosal, and visceral fungal infections
observed in public places. Prevention and environmental analysis should be given more attention by health policy-makers in order
to reinforce public health.
Keywords: Invasive Fungal Infections, Public Communities, Iran
1. Context
Fungal infections cause many diseases around the
world. The most common fungal infections are superficial
fungal infections, which have a high prevalence rate (1).
The analysis of the frequency of fungal infections shows
that as people get older, the prevalence of fungal infections
increases (2). Dermatophytes are a group of molds that
can invade tissues with keratinous, such as hair, nails,
and the outer layer of skin (3). Previous reports stated
that in COVID-19 patients, the most reported infections
were aspergillosis, candidiasis, and mucormycosis (4).
Moreover, oral candidiasis is rampant in cancerous
patients who have a wound in their mouth and are
undergoing chemotherapy (5). Aspergillus fumigatus
spores can be found almost all over the world. These
spores can effortlessly get to the airways and sensitize
people who are suffering from asthma (6). Sanitation
of public places has a direct connection with people’s
health in society. Contagious diseases are among the most
significant public health challenges (7). For instance, the
hygiene of hotels is very important, and it is a criterion
for their ranking and star rating (8). Nowadays, the
consumption of confectionery products is high in society,
and the hygiene of pastry workshops is very important
because these pastries are exposed to microbes, which
can cause different types of infections or poisonings (9).
Oral prostheses may be contaminated with microbes
and cause illness to dental staff and patients. These
microbes can cause systemic infections, pneumonia,
and heart infections in the elderly and people with
immune system defects (10). Fungal infections are very
important, and many people are infected every year, but
they are disregarded in Iran. Health authorities should
Copyright © 2024, Nabiolahi et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.