109 Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2663, 2017, pp. 109–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2663-14 Stop-controlled intersections are dangerous locations in which drivers must negotiate conflicts between traffic streams. This study examined driver stopping compliance at minor-street stop-controlled intersections in Qatar. Several variables that may influence driver behavior when approaching a stop sign were considered—including age, gender, driver heritage differences, vehicle type, presence of an approaching vehicle or a pedestrian, peak and nonpeak hours, weekday versus weekend, and residential versus commercial land use. Binary and ordinal logistic regression models were developed to describe driver stopping behavior as functions of these characteristics. Results indicated an alarmingly low compliance rate with minor-street stop signs. Generally, results indicated that male drivers, young drivers, and SUV drivers are less likely to come to a complete stop at these locations. Results also revealed that drivers are more likely to ignore the stop sign when they notice a vehicle or pedestrian approaching and most likely to beat the approaching vehicle or pedestrian through the intersection and reduce intersection-related delay. These findings raise a major safety concern and indicate aggres- sive driving tendencies. Potential countermeasures include increasing police enforcement, initiating traffic safety campaigns (e.g., targeting the higher risk drivers identified in the results), and improving the vis- ibility of stop signs using different measures, such as larger and additional stop signs, “Stop Ahead” advance traffic control signs, and enhanced pavement markings. Intersections are critical safety locations within transportation net- works. Previous research has shown that more than one-third of the traffic crashes that occur in the United States are intersection related (1, 2). These crashes also tend to be the most severe since intersections must accommodate vehicle movements from distinct conflicting traf- fic streams (3). Of the various intersection types, stop-controlled intersections are the most vulnerable facilities in regard to crash fre- quencies and severities (4, 5). For example, one study found that the number of fatal crashes at stop-controlled intersections is higher than at signalized intersections (6). Nearly 700,000 police-reported motor vehicle crashes occur annually at stop-controlled intersections in the United States, and approximately one-third of these crashes involve injuries (7 ). Stop-controlled intersections rely on the presence of stop signs on one or more approaches for traffic control. Vehicles approaching the stop-controlled approaches are required to come to a complete stop and wait until it is safe before proceeding through the intersection. Safety at stop-controlled intersections relies on drivers’ properly identifying and obeying the stop signs. However, drivers react in various ways when approaching stop signs. The appropriate reaction is to decelerate while approaching the intersection and bring the vehicle to a complete stop at or near the stop bar. However, some drivers decelerate but do not come to a complete stop. Instead, they perform a rolling stop maneuver in which they significantly slow down to identify potential conflicts before proceeding through the intersection. Other drivers either slow down a small amount or completely ignore the stop sign and continue to move through the intersection at their original pace. Many studies have shown that drivers often do not fully comply with stop signs at intersections. For example, one study found that nearly half of the drivers at stop-controlled intersections did not stop or come to a complete stop at intersections (8). This appears to be a general conclusion as another related study also indicated a high noncompliance rate for stop signs (9). This is not a recent trend; another study found that the violation rate for stop signs has been over 50% since 1935 after investigating other studies of behavior at stop signs (10). Crashes at these locations tend to be associated with poor stop sign compliance; for example, a recent study estimated that stop sign violations accounted for about 70% of all crashes at stop-controlled intersections (7 ), while another found that approxi- mately 60% of crashes that occur at stop-controlled intersections result from a violation of traffic signs (11). These findings match engineering intuition: drivers who fail to stop or proceed without looking for traffic on the major road after stopping create a substantial crash risk at minor-street stop-controlled intersections (12). The existing research suggests that driver compliance with stop signs is an important issue in regard to the safety and efficiency of stop-controlled intersections. Locations with poor stop sign compli- ance are expected to have a much higher incidence of traffic crashes. In light of the existing research, the goal of this paper is to examine driver behavior at minor-street stop-controlled intersections more carefully through empirical observations in Qatar, which is one of the most rapidly developing countries in the Arabian Gulf Region. Owing to the substantial growth, the country has been suffering from significant traffic congestion and safety issues. The number of vehi- cles has increased significantly, reaching a high rate of 479 motor vehicles per 1,000 people in 2012. Similarly, the number of trips Investigating Driver Behavior at Minor-Street Stop-Controlled Intersections in Qatar Khaled Shaaban, Jonathan S. Wood, and Vikash V. Gayah K. Shaaban, Department of Civil Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar. J. S. Wood, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Dakota State University, 132 Crothers Engineering Hall, Brookings, SD 57007. V. V. Gayah, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, 231L Sackett Building, University Park, PA 16802. Corresponding author: K. Shaaban, kshaaban@qu.edu.qa.