Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Journal of Undergraduate Research
Volume 5 Number 3, July 2023: 36-43
eISSN: 2637-1138
© Penerbit UMT
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Journal of Undergraduate Research Volume 5 Number 3, July 2023: 36-43
Introduction
Floriculture is a specialized branch of
horticulture that deals with the commercial
production of cut and loose flowers, cut greens,
seeds, bulbs, and landscape plants. According
to the Deputy Minister of Agriculture and Food
Industry, Malaysian national flower production
was estimated at 414 million cuttings or vases
worth RM270 million (Bernama, 2022). The
industry is estimated to grow by 6.2% per year,
so exploring and developing high-value products
is encouraged (Bernama, 2022).
Lavandula angustifolia is native to the
Mediterranean and known as true lavender. It
is an attractive plant with purple flowers and a
soothing fragrance. Lavender is a versatile plant
with many uses, including as potted ornamentals
and for landscaping. It is also used in perfumery,
cosmetics and pharmaceuticals (Pistelli et al.,
2017). It is also edible and used as a natural
Abstract: English lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is a multi-use ornamental plant native to the
Mediterranean. In Malaysia, lavender has also been cultivated in the lowlands as a potted plant,
besides Cameron Highland. However, studies on lavender cultivation are very scarce in Malaysia.
Hence, this study on the effect of biochar on the growth quality of lavender cultivated as a potted
plant in the lowland was initiated. This study was conducted in a greenhouse at Batu Rakit, Kuala
Nerus, Terengganu, for seven weeks after transplanting. Growing media consisted of 3:7 soil:sand
without biochar as the control. About 50g of paddy husk biochar and coconut shell biochar were
added to the growing media as treatments, respectively. The parameters observed were plant height,
stem diameter, number of branches, fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots and roots-to-shoots ratio
biomass. This study found that adding biochar to the growing media positively affected the growth
quality of the plants compared to the control. Paddy husk biochar significantly (P<0.05) improved
stem height, number of branches and the root dry weight of L. angustifolia. Hence, adding paddy
husk biochar in growing media is worth considering for English lavender cultivation in the lowlands
of Malaysia.
Keywords: Agricultural waste, Batu Rakit, coconut shell, Lavandula angustifolia, paddy husk.
PADDY HUSK BIOCHAR TO IMPROVE GROWTH QUALITY OF ENGLISH
LAVENDER (Lavandula angustifolia) IN THE LOWLANDS OF TERENGGANU,
MALAYSIA
FATIN NUR NAJIHA ABD WAHAB, WAN ZALIHA WAN SEMBOK AND HUSNI HAYATI
MOHD RAFDI*
School of Fisheries and Food Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: husni@umt.edu.my https://doi.org/10.46754/umtjur.v5i3.360
preservative (Wells et al., 2018) and flavouring
(Carla Da Porto et al., 2009).
In Malaysia, L. angustifolia is successfully
cultivated in Cameron Highland as potted and
bedding plants for the landscape. Potted lavender
can be purchased from Agro Technology Park
MARDI and Cameron Lavender Garden.
Cameron Highlands sits at an altitude between
300 m and 2060 m above sea level and its total
area is approximately 69,699 km
2
. In 2019, the
minimum temperature in Cameron Highlands
was 12°C and the maximum temperature was
34°C (How Jin Aik, et al., 2020). Besides
Cameron Highlands, L. angustifolia is also
cultivated in the lowlands of Malaysia in
plant nurseries but is limited to potted plants
for ornamental purposes. However, research
on lavender cultivation in Malaysia is scarce
compared to research on lavender essential oil