Research Article
Analysis on the Bus Arrival Time Prediction Model for
Human-Centric Services Using Data Mining Techniques
N. Shanthi,
1
Sathishkumar V E ,
2
K. Upendra Babu,
3
P. Karthikeyan,
4
Sukumar Rajendran,
4
and Shaikh Muhammad Allayear
5
1
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Erode, India
2
Department of Industrial Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
3
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bharat Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai,
Tamil Nadu, India
4
School of Information Technology and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
5
Department of Multimedia and Creative Technology, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart, Khagan,
Ashulia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
Correspondence should be addressed to Sathishkumar V E; sathishkumar@scnu.ac.kr and Shaikh Muhammad Allayear;
drallayear.swe@diu.edu.bd
Received 23 March 2022; Revised 9 May 2022; Accepted 17 May 2022; Published 26 September 2022
Academic Editor: Zhongxu Hu
Copyright © 2022 N. Shanthi et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
e human-computer interaction has become inevitable in digital world. HCI helps humans to incorporate technology to resolve even
their day-to-day problems. e main objective of the paper is to utilize HCI in Intelligent Transportation Systems. In India, the most
common and convenient mode of transportation is the buses. Every state government provides the bus transportation facility to all routes
at an affordable cost. e main difficulty faced by the passengers (humans) is lack of information about bus numbers available for the
particular route and Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) of the buses. ere may be different reasons for the bus delay. ese include heavy
traffic, breakdowns, and bad weather conditions. e passengers waiting in the bus stops are neither aware of the delay nor the bus arrival
time. ese issues can be resolved by providing an HCI-based web/mobile application for the passengers to track their bus locations in real
time. ey can also check the Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) of a particular bus, calculated using machine learning techniques by
considering the impacts of environmental dynamics, and other factors like traffic density and weather conditions and track their bus
locations in real time. is can be achieved by developing a real-time bus management system for the benefit of passengers, bus drivers,
and bus managers. is system can effectively address the problems related to bus timing transparency and arrival time forecasting. e
buses are equipped with real-time vehicle tracking module containing Raspberry Pi, GPS, and GSM. e traffic density in the current
location of the bus and weather data are some of the factors used for the ETA prediction using the Support Vector Regression algorithm.
e model showed RMSE of 27 seconds when tested. e model is performing well when compared with other models.
1. Introduction
Human-computer interaction is generally defined as “the
science concerned with designing effective interaction be-
tween users and computers and the construction of interfaces
that support this interaction.” e digital transformation has
made computers inseparable from human life. Humans are
dependent on digital gadgets like mobile phones, tablets,
laptops, and so on to complete their day-to-day tasks. e
increase in demand for human-computer interaction has
opened a wide scope of research in recent years. In terms of
computer programming, many front end frameworks have
been introduced to develop user-friendly mobile- or web-
based applications. ese applications help humans to sim-
plify their regular tasks like paying bills, buying groceries or
medicines, booking cabs, and so on. Another advantage is that
even users with no technical background can also use these
applications for their needs [1].
In India, the most used and convenient mode of
transportation is the buses. ough this is the most used
Hindawi
Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience
Volume 2022, Article ID 7094654, 13 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7094654