Universal Journal of Agricultural Research 12(1): 1-12, 2024 http://www.hrpub.org DOI: 10.13189/ujar.2024.120101 Monitoring Insect Diversity with a Variety of Traps in Rice Plantations Supports Food Security Ameilia Zuliyanti Siregar 1,* , H. Herwina 2 , I. Trisnawati 3 1 Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatera Utara, Indonesia 2 Faculty of Biology, FMIPA, Andalas University, Indonesia 3 Faculty of Biology, Institute of Technology 10 Nopember, Indonesia Received June 22, 2023; Revised December 7, 2023; Accepted December 22, 2023 Cite This Paper in the Following Citation Styles (a): [1] Ameilia Zuliyanti Siregar, H. Herwina, I. Trisnawati , "Monitoring Insect Diversity with a Variety of Traps in Rice Plantations Supports Food Security," Universal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 1 - 12, 2024. DOI: 10.13189/ujar.2024.120101. (b): Ameilia Zuliyanti Siregar, H. Herwina, I. Trisnawati (2024). Monitoring Insect Diversity with a Variety of Traps in Rice Plantations Supports Food Security. Universal Journal of Agricultural Research, 12(1), 1 - 12. DOI: 10.13189/ujar.2024.120101. Copyright©2024 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License Abstract The objectives of this study in Serbajadi Village, Sunggal District, Northern Sumatera were: 1) Map the diversity and functional role of local insects in paddy agroecosystems; 2) Determine the environmental variables in the rice field that form ecosystem services; and 3) Provide recommendations for the suitability of local insect agrobiodiversity habitats that form ecosystem services, especially those capable of supporting food security. Insects caught at each trap sample point were determined diagonally with a size of 20 x 20 m in 3 plots, each plot using 5 traps (Sweep Net=SN with 10 swings, Color Pan Trap=CPT with 4 repetitions, Core Sampler= CR with 4 repetitions, and Yellow Sticky Trap=YST with 5 repetitions and Light Trap=LT with 1 repetition in the middle of the rice plant) with sampling 8 times at weekly intervals. The study's results indicated that YST traps captured the highest number of individuals and the greatest diversity of insect species, with 47 species and 479 individuals. LT traps collected 14 species with 288 individuals, and SN traps caught 236 individuals from 36 species. In contrast, the CPT tool had the lowest count of identified individuals, with 14 species and 66 individuals. Furthermore, the overall population is mainly comprised of six pest species, with Chironomus sp being the most abundant at 421 individuals, followed by Anopheles sp. (129 individuals), Tetragnatha sp. (94 individuals), Leptocorisa oratorius (73 individuals), Chilo suppressalis (42 individuals), and Nilaparvata lugens (39 individuals). Conversely, the smallest six species include Euscyrtus concinnus, Hesperia sp., Gryllotalpa orientalis, Panstenon sp., Temelucha philippmensis, and Thomisius sp. The main predators identified are Agriocnemis femina, Ischnura senegalensis, Orthetrum sabina, Pantala flavescens, Paederus sp., Ophionea sp., Conocephalus sp., Spheidea sp., while Ichneumonida sp., Tachnida sp. act as parasitoids in rice cultivation. The calculation of the Biological index consists of the Richness index (R1=2.78-3.29), the Evenness index (E=0.57-0.82), the Diversity index (H'=2.12-2.5) and the Dominance index (D=0.60-0.84). Based on the proportion distribution of abundance of each functional role in each habitat, a tendency was obtained for the proportion of abundance of roles with high evenness in the rice field habitat. Keywords Agro Biodiversity, Insects, Ecosystem Services, Sustainable Agriculture, Food Security 1. Introduction Insects are one of the most taxonomically and functionally diverse groups of organisms and are a major component of ecosystem function. Insects are also able to provide ecosystem services in all categories in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA), namely regulation, support, provision and cultural services; as well as in the Concept of Nature's Contribution to