International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | January 2024 | Vol 12 | Issue 1 Page 26 International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Naznin M et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2024 Jan;12(1):26-31 www.msjonline.org pISSN 2320-6071 | eISSN 2320-6012 Original Research Article Prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical carcinoma in a tertiary care hospital at Rajshahi Mahmuda Naznin 1 *, M. Zahid Hossain 2 , Seema Saha 3 , Farzana Ashrafi Neela 4 INTRODUCTION Cervical cancer ranks as the third most common cancer among women worldwide, following breast and colorectal cancer. Most cases, over 85%, are concentrated in developing countries. 1 Persistent infection with HPV can cause high-grade CIN, which can progress to invasive cervical cancer if left untreated. 2 Cervical cancer, responsible for 274,000 annual deaths worldwide, remains a significant health challenge despite effective screening and treatment for high-grade CIN precursor lesions. It is primarily caused by high-risk HPV types, notably HPV 16 and 18, which account for 70% of cases. In 2018, Bangladesh recorded 8,068 new cases (10.6 per 100,000 women) and 5,214 deaths (7.1 per 100,000 women). 3 Cervical cancer contributes to more than 2.7 million years of life lost among women aged 25 to 64 globally. 4 It claims the lives of over 288,000 women annually worldwide and has a particularly significant impact on the most disadvantaged and vulnerable women. 5 In India, an estimated 134,420 new cases of cervical cancer and 72,825 deaths were reported in 2008, 1 Department of Microbiology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh 2 Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh 3 Department of Microbiology, Jashore Medical College, Jashore, Bangladesh 4 Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh Received: 26 November 2023 Accepted: 22 December 2023 *Correspondence: Dr. Mahmuda Naznin, E-mail: shimul.rmc43@gmail.com Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT Background: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is a precancerous cervical condition with the potential to develop into cervical carcinoma if untreated. While research on CIN and cervical carcinoma exists in various regions, the Rajshahi area lacks such investigations. Examining the prevalence of CIN and cervical carcinoma in this region is essential. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of CIN and cervical carcinoma in a tertiary care hospital at Rajshahi in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the department of pathology, Rajshahi medical college, and the department of gynaecology and obstetrics, Rajshahi medical college hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh from July 2019 to June 2022. A total of 1000 VIA test-positive cases of cervical lesions were enrolled as study subjects purposively. Data were processed and analyzed by the MS office tools. Results: Cervical carcinoma was identified through cytological analysis in 4.6% of cases, with 7.6% exhibiting high- grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and 13.1% showing low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL). Through histopathological analysis, cervical carcinoma found in 5.3% of cases, CIN-grade III (CIN-III) in 7.1%, and CIN-II and CIN-I in 2.2%, 16.4% of cases, respectively. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rate was 0.70%. Conclusions: The prevalence of CIN and cervical carcinoma in the Rajshahi region of Bangladesh is alarmingly high. These findings underscore the pressing need for the immediate implementation of a comprehensive vaccination and awareness development program for cervical carcinoma. Keywords: Prevalence, CIN, Cervical carcinoma, HPV DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20233972