Global South Review 8 Diah Ayu Wulandari The Effort of State and Non-State Actors in Ensuring Access to Primary and Secondary Education for Indonesian Citizens in Singapore Singapore’s Ministry of Education (MOE) policy in the Singapore local schools admission that places international students as the last priority after Singapore citizens and Permanent Residents, coupled with the expensive school fees for international students are the main problems in accessing primary and secondary education faced by Indonesian citizens in Singapore. Efforts from various parties are needed to ensure the fulfillment of access to primary and secondary education for Indonesian Citizens in Singapore. This research explores state and non-state actors’ efforts to ensure access to primary and secondary education for Indonesian citizens in Singapore. Data collection was obtained through interviews and a literature review. This research shows that multi-track diplomacy is established between state actors consisting of the Indonesian Embassy in Singapore and Indonesian State-Owned Enterprises as representative of track 1, and non-state actors consist of professionals (track 2), entrepreneurs (track 3), and college students (track 5). The multi-track diplomacy is reflected in the establishment of Sekolah Indonesia (Singapura) Ltd. and Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat (PKBM) KBRI Singapura. The multi-track diplomacy is established because of shared values of humanitarianism. The collaboration of multi-track diplomacy and the spirit of humanitarianism has received positive responses from Singapore Government agencies and educational institutions, which aim to improve the quality of education at Sekolah Indonesia (Singapura) Ltd. and PKBM KBRI Singapura. Keywords: primary and secondary education; state actor; non-state actor; multi-track diplomacy; humanitarianism Diah Ayu Wulandari Department of International Relations, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia diah.ayu.wulandari@mail.ugm.ac.id The Effort of State and Non-State Actors in Ensuring Access to Primary and Secondary Education for Indonesian Citizens in Singapore 10.22146/globalsouth.80403 Introduction Access to primary and secondary edu- cation is a basic need for every citizen. It even applies to citizens outside the country. The In- donesian Ambassador to Singapore states that Indonesian citizens living in Singapore in 2017 are around 216.000 people (Salim, 2017). Due to the large number of Indonesian citizens liv- ing in Singapore, access to primary and second- ary education is essential for the citizens. The effort to ensure access to prima- ry and secondary education for Indonesian citizens in Singapore is carried out collab- oratively by state and non-state actors rep- resenting multi-track diplomacy. Through multi-track diplomacy, the authority held by state actors collaborates with the capaci- ty of non-state actors into an effective com- bination in ensuring access to primary and secondary education for Indonesian citizens