Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, Vol. 39, No. 1, 2025 (65-70) 65 Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences www.vetmedmosul.com The correlation of the forkhead transcription factor foxo1 expression and histopathological pancreatic lesions in dogs F.M. Abed 1 , A.N. Abduljawaad 2 , O.A. Al-Mahmood 3 , K.H. Al-Mallah 1 and H.Kh. Ismail 1 1 Department of Pathology and Poultry Diseases, 2 Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, 3 Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq Article information Abstract Article history: Received 30 September, 2024 Accepted 01 November, 2024 Published online 01 January, 2025 The objective of the current research was to characterize the correlation of Forkhead transcription factor and histopathologic findings of dogs’ pancreatic lesions. The study revealed a negative linear correlation (Correlation Coefficient 0.96) between lesions frequences and FOXO1 (lesions frequences move in opposing directions). Lesion frequences reduce as FOXO1 rises. Samples collected from the necropsy unit of veterinary teaching hospital at University of Mosul, college of veterinary medicine, to determine and confirm any histopathologic evidence of specific lesions these specimens histologically examined. In dogs, pancreatic lesions can range from mild inflammation (pancreatitis) to more severe conditions such as pancreatic cancer. Focusing on histopathological changes can help identify the correlation with FOXO1 expression. Various types of lesions were observed in the 17 pancreatic samples from dogs; however, none have been showed any evidence of neoplasia. Despite a lack of gross lesions, 14 samples (82.35%) exhibited microscopic pathological changes. Three samples (17.64%) revealed normal histology. In total, 12 types of microscopic lesions were identified. Among the 14 samples, degenerative changes, congestion, edema, coagulative and fat necrosis, as well as inflammation were detected in some samples. Multiple lesions, including fibrosis, hyperplasia, and atrophy, were observed in other samples. Additionally, cyst formations, metaplasia, and granulation tissue were determined. Dogs were randomly chosen, and all pancreatic samples were assessed through histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation. This study concludes that lesions frequences move in opposing directions. Lesion frequences increase as FOX01 descend. Keywords: Dog FOXO1 Pancreas Immunohistochemistry Histopathology Correspondence: F.M. Abed firasabed@uomosul.edu.iq DOI: 10.33899/ijvs.2025.156229.4066, ©Authors, 2025, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul. This is an open access article under the CC BY 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Introduction The canine pancreatitis model has frequently been utilized because of its resemblance to the condition in humans (1). The pancreas is situated in the dorsal region of both the epigastric and mesogastric sections of the abdomen, just below the liver. Canine liver is divided into 4 lobes namely: the right lobe, the left lobe, the caudate lobe. The right lobe is thin and slender, while the left lobe is shorter, thicker, and wider. These lobes are connected at the body, which is located caudomedial to the pylorus. The right lobe extends caudally within the mesoduodenum (2). An understanding of the function of FOXO1 in pancreatic health and illness tissue can be gained by examining its expression in connection with histological pancreatic lesions in dogs. Cancer research places a lot of emphasis on FOXO1 because it is known to be involved in several cellular functions, such as metabolism, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis (3). FOXO1, part of the Foxo1 family, is important for regulating various cellular processes such as metabolism, cell control, and stress resistance (4). In the study of pancreatic lesions in dogs, examining FOXO1 expressions can offer valuable