ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Leukocyte activity for the evaluation of inflammatory
status in cases with neovascular age-related macular
degeneration
Seher Koksaldi
1
, Elvan Yardim
2
, Taylan Ozturk
3
, Gul Arikan
4
, Ziya Ayhan
5
, Mahmut Kaya
6
, Murat Ormen
7
1- MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Mus State Hospital, Mus, Türkiye
2- MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Odemis State Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye
3- Assoc. Prof. MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Private Practice, Izmir,
Türkiye
4- Prof. MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir,
Turkey
5- Assoc. Prof. MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Dokuz Eylul University,
Izmir, Turkey
6- Assoc. Prof. MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Mahmut Kaya Eye Clinic,
Izmir, Turkey
7- Assoc. Prof. MD, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dokuz Eylul
University, Izmir, Turkey
Received: 25.08.2022
Accepted: 22.04.2024
J Ret-Vit 2024; 33: 144-148
DOI:10.37845/ret.vit.2024.33.22
Correspondence author:
Seher Koksaldi
Email: seherkoksaldi@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To investigate systemic leukocyte activity in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).
Materials and Methods: Venous blood samples were obtained from 82 patients with nAMD (study group) and 86 age and sex-
matched control individuals (control group). Demographics as well as complete blood count (CBC) parameters including white blood
cell (WBC), neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and platelet counts were noted for each participant. Moreover, calculated results of
neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR) were recorded for further
analysis.
Results: No statistically significant difference was observed between the study and control groups under consideration in terms of
demographic features (p>0.05). Among all studied CBC parameters, statistically significant difference was found in LMR, WBC,
and monocyte counts (p=0.039, p=0.041, and p<0.001, respectively). These results were found as 3.54±1.20, 7.54±1.59 ×10
3
μL, and
0.61±0.16 ×10
3
μL, in the study group and 3.92±1.20, 7.04±1.55 ×10
3
μL, and 0.53±0.15 ×10
3
μL, in the control group, respectively.
Conclusion: Patients with nAMD have increased systemic leukocyte activity, which may be indicative of systemic inflammation in
these patients.
Keywords: Age-related macular degeneration, inflammation, lymphocyte/monocyte ratio, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/
lymphocyte ratio.
144
Histopathological analyzes demonstrated that retinal
pigment epithelial cell (RPE) degeneration and
photoreceptor cell death are among the mechanisms
in the pathogenesis of the disease.
4
Macrophages and
microglia may be closely associated with degeneration of
the RPE. Pigment epithelia are located in close proximity
to the vascular choroid that supplies the outer retina, and
migration of macrophages from the choroid to the retina in
order to produce proinflammatory chemokines is a possible
cause of RPE injury. Recently, it has been suggested that
infiltration of M1 macrophages into the subretinal space
INTRODUCTON
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive
degenerative disease of the macula, which leads to visual
field loss and decreased visual acuity.
1
Inflammation plays
a key role in the pathogenesis of various retinal diseases,
including AMD.
2
Dysregulation of the innate immune system is among the
factors which trigger the onset of AMD. Inflammatory cells
like microglia, monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, and
tissue-resident T cells also contribute to pathophysiology.
3
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