Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Studi Amerika
Volume 29, Number 2, 2023 pp. 10-18
P-ISSN: 1410-5411 | E-ISSN: 2685-4503
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jbssa.v29i2.79400
10
The Issue of Racial Microagression in Indian-American Children’s
Novel: American as Paneer Pie by Supriya Kelkar
Ariza Purnawati
1*
, Second Author
2
1
Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
1*
arizapurnawati86@gmail.com
A B S T R A C T
This research attempts to highlight the issue of microaggressions that
occurs in American ethnic minority groups, particularly among Indian-
American children featured in the children's novel American as Paneer Pie.
Published in 2020, this novel is written by an Indian-American writer
named Supriya Kelkar. American as Paneer Pie tells about the story of
Lekha, an Indian-American girl who faces racial microaggressions at
school. As a minority student, Lekha finds herself marginalized and often
feels insecure of being an Indian American girl. This research identifies
the acts of racial microaggressions that are directed to the character Lekha
in the novel American as Paneer Pie. Lekha, who is a minority child in her
school, experiences various bullying as a form of microaggressions by
some white ethnic friends. The microaggressions committed by those
white ethnic children to Lekha is a form of verbal discrimination which is
currently better known as microaggressions. As a literary analysis, this
research uses intrinsic approaches by Pickering and Hoeper as the intrinsic
analysis and the theory of microaggressions by DeraldWing Sue as the
extrinsic analysis to reveal the problems. The research findings indicate
that there are found some acts of racial microaggressions faced by Lekha as an Indian-American girl such as
mispronouncing her Indian name, stereotyping her Indian physical appearance and lifestyle, and marginalizing her
as the minority in the class. These racial microaggressions finally influence her life, driving her to change herself
to voice her right as an American.
1. INTRODUCTION
Racial microaggressions, recently, are one of big issues faced by students in America. They are caused by
many aspects. One of them is diversity in culture. America is known as a country which consists of many cultures
and races. There have been some immigrants coming to America to find a better life. They move to and live in
America individually or in groups. Some of them finally have kids and send them to public or private schools. For
some diaspora children, it is not easy being among the majority. They find themselves different from the majority.
They have different physical appearances. Some people often look them in strange or degraded expression; and it
can cause racism. Racism can arise not only from differences in skin color but also cultures which are brought to
the boundaries of marginalization and superiority of certain cultures (The Conversation, 2020, June 8). The culture
of the United States of America is primarily of Western origin but is influenced by a multicultural ethos that
includes African, Native American, Asian, Pacific Island, and Latin American people and their cultures (Woods,
2018). America has experienced a cultural melting. However, the Western who are called the white dominate many
aspects of living in America.
In literature, racial microaggressions become the most frequently occurring topics in some diaspora novels
recently. The writers like to pour their aspiration of confronting racial microaggressions in their works.
Microaggressions are now known as a modern racism and this term becomes special attention to some researchers.
Microaggressions, according to Sue et.al (2007:273), are defined as daily verbal, behavioral and environmental
indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative racial slights
and insults to the target person or group. Microaggressions possibly happen in school since it is the place where
students can meet their various friends. In the classroom, microaggressions are not committed by spiteful and
bigoted professors/teachers who want to intentionally hurt students from diverse groups, but are rather undertaken
at the unconscious level by well-meaning and caring professors/teachers (Portman et.al, 2013). In a research
A R T I C L E I N F O
Article history:
Received October 09, 2023
Revised December 06, 2023
Accepted December 21, 2023
Available online December 31, 2023
Keywords:
Literary Analysis; Racial Microaggressions;
Indian-American; Children Novel
This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.
Copyright © 2023 by Author. Published by Universitas
Sebelas Maret.