International J http Mechanism of action of marsupium Roxb ha Su *Corresponding author: Suresh K. Mohankumar 1 Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih 43500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia 2 Centre for Bioactive Discovery, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia A W m m pr aq ut in ef ex m gl pr co su in co hy Ke Ty Introduction The increasing prevalence and incidence of mellitus (T2DM) and associated metabolic disea various novel therapeutic strategies for thei management. Although pathogenesis of T2DM unknown, it has been well demonstrated that T2 insulin secretion no longer compensates for i which is often associated with obesity, aging an goal of many current pharmacological treatme irrespective of the cause of T2DM: namely, to glucose. Importantly, insulin must be released fro an exquisitely exact amount, at the correct time pattern [3]. So far, no pharmacological agent restore this exquisite sensing capacity when panc and no agent can restore the exact pattern o Consequently, scientists are now investigatin traditional medicinal plants to identify potentially u This work is licensed under a Creative Com Journal of Phytomedicine 8 (2016) 2 p://www.arjournals.org/index.php/ijpm/index Original Research Article f a bioassay-guided aqueous fractio ardwood on glucose-dependent ins uresh K. Mohankumar 1* , James R. McFarlane 2 Abstract We previously demonstrated that a high molecular weight aqu marsupiumRoxb. (PM) hardwood has insulinotrophic properties. H mechanisms by which this fraction modulates insulin secreti resent study therefore isolated the insulinotrophic activity e queous extract of PM and examined its pharmacological mec tilizinginsulin secretion from mouse pancreas in vitro,wa nsulinotrophic activity of PM and to delineate its pharmacologica ffect of AEF on glucose clearance in normoglycemic, non- xamined. The AEF mimicked the effect of sulphonylureas on in modulated insulin biosynthesis. However, unlike tolbutamide, AE lucose-dependent. Furthermore, three daily intravenous a rolonged effects on glucose responsiveness in non-diabetic nor ombat the adverse effects of hyperglycemia appears to be ustaining the glucose-dependent insulin secretion processes nsulinotrophic effect of AEF is prolonged by many hours to onventional insulin secretagogus which over stimulate the ypoglycemia. eywords: Pterocarpus marsupium; Glucose-dependent insulin ype 2 diabetes mellitus type 2 diabetes ases [1] demands ir treatment and M remains largely 2DM occurs when insulin resistance nd illness [2]. The ents is the same o normalise blood om the pancreas in e and in a correct can take over or creas is diseased, of insulin kinetics. ng a number of useful compounds. Ayurvedic physicians and have a traditional belief that the wa tumbler made up of Pterocarpus m is a magical remedy to treat T2DM PM has been demonstrated in exp and also in humans [14]. However, the identity of the antidiabetic p Furthermore, the pharmacological glucose homeostasis is still not com present work fractionated the insuli extract of PM and examined the ph mechanisms by which it elicits its mouse pancreas in vitro and on glu Materials and methods Chemicals and reagents mmons Attribution 3.0 License . 267-276 on of Pterocarpus sulin secretion ueous fraction of Pterocarpus However, the pharmacological ion remained unknown. The enriched fraction (AEF) from chanisms. A bioassay method as used to fractionate the al mechanisms. In addition, the -diabetic sheep in vivo was nsulin secretory pathways and EF-induced insulin secretion is administrations of AEF had rmal sheep. The use of AEF to beneficial by enhancing and s in pancreas. Of note, the o days, unlike the numerous e β-cells or pose a risk of release; Traditional medicine; the populations in central India ater stored overnight in a wooden marsupiumRoxb. (PM) hardwood [4-6]. The antidiabetic activity of perimental animal models [7-13], , there is some controversy over principle of PM [9, 13, 15-19]. l process by which PM affects mpletely understood. Hence, the inotrophic activity of the aqueous harmacological and physiological effects on insulin secretion from ucose clearance in sheep in vivo. ISSN: 0975-0185