Abduljalil et al. Int J Trop Dis 2021, 4:053 Volume 4 | Issue 2 Open Access International Journal of Tropical Diseases Citaon: Abduljalil MM, Abubakar MG, Danjuma MA (2021) Anoxidant Status of Children Infected with Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Kebbi Metropolis, Northwestern Nigeria. Int J Trop Dis 4:053. doi.org/10.23937/2643-461X/1710053 Accepted: October 18, 2021; Published: October 20, 2021 Copyright: © 2021 Abduljalil MM, et al. This is an open-access arcle distributed under the terms of the Creave Commons Aribuon License, which permits unrestricted use, distribuon, and reproducon in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abduljalil et al. Int J Trop Dis 2021, 4:053 DOI: 10.23937/2643-461X/1710053 ISSN: 2643-461X • Page 1 of 7 • Anoxidant Status of Children Infected with Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Kebbi Metropolis, Northwestern Nigeria Mode Muhammad Abduljalil 1* , Mu’azu Gusau Abubakar 2 and Muhammad Abdulmalik Danjuma 2 1 Central Advance Science Laboratory Complex, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria 2 Department of Biochemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria *Corresponding author: Mode Muhammad Abduljalil, Central Advance Science Laboratory Complex, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria, Tel: +234-(0)-8032561547 Abstract Malaria is a global life aggressive disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite to a host after infected anopheles mosquito leading to release of free radicals which have the capacity to induce oxidative stress. This study was carried out to assess the effect of malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum) on some antioxidants (vitamins A, C, E and reduced glutathione) and lipid peroxidation marker (MDA) in children attending Sir Yahaya Memorial Hospital, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from untreated subjects upon confirmation of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia using the Rapid test kit (SD Bioline Malaria Ag P.f) method. One hundred and twelve consenting subjects (72 positive and 40 negative subjects) comprising of both sexes were randomly selected. Vitamin A was determined using a method of Bassey, et al. [1] while vitamins C and E using a method of Baker and Frank [2]. Reduced glutathione and MDA were determined using methods of Patterson and Lazarow [3] and Abubakar, et al. [4] respectively. Results were analysed using SPSS version 16.0 and significance between groups was ascertained using students' T-test. Result showed that level of antioxidant vitamins (vitamins A, C, & E) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in malarial positive subjects were significantly lower (p < 0.05) compared to control subjects. Similarly, lipid peroxidation marker (MDA) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in children with parasitaemia than in non-parasitaemia controls. The decrease in the levels of antioxidant vitamins (A, C and E) and reduced glutathione (GSH) as observed may be due toneed of antioxidants to scavenge the free radicals caused by malarial infection. Keywords Antioxidant markers, Children, Plasmodium falciparum, Lipid peroxidation ORIGINAL RESEARCH Check for updates Introducon Malaria is considered as one of the major life threatening disease in developing countries, despite numerous concerted efforts by the governments of various countries and other donor organizaons including several drugs/combinaons developed acng against the parasite [5]. Recent world malaria report released in 2020 by WHO showed that in 2019 alone, a global esmaon of 229 million cases of infecon and 409,000 deaths were recorded with children under the age of 5 years been the most vulnerable group as they accounted for 274,000 (67%) of all the malaria deaths worldwide [6]. The WHO’s report also revealed that Africa has high poron of the global malaria burden because in 2019 only, the region has an esmaon of 94% of all malaria cases and death. Six (6) countries were reported to be accounted for approximately half of all global malaria death with Nigeria having the highest figure of 23% followed by Democrac Republic of Congo with 11% [6]. In Nigeria, malaria is transmied all over the country with about 76% of the populace live in high transmission areas whereas 24% of the populaon live in low transmission areas [7]. In southern part of Nigeria, the malaria transmission can last all over the year while in northern part is just about 3 to 5 months. Wassmer and Grau [8] revealed that malaria is an olden menace to human health and is one of the main causes of illness and death globally. There are five (5) human malarial species: Plasmodium