~ 1945 ~ Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2021; 10(1): 1945-1947 E-ISSN: 2278-4136 P-ISSN: 2349-8234 www.phytojournal.com JPP 2021; 10(1): 1945-1947 Received: 25-11-2020 Accepted: 27-12-2020 Rasika Dnyandeo Bhalke Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kopargaon, Maharashtra, India Mahendra Ashok Giri Rajashri Shahu College of Pharmacy, Buldana, Maharashtra, India Rasal Yash Anil Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kopargaon, Maharashtra, India Narhe Mansi Balasaheb Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kopargaon, Maharashtra, India Parjane Abhishek Nanasaheb Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kopargaon, Maharashtra, India Vishal Vijay Pande NN Sattha College of Pharmacy, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India Corresponding Author: Rasika Dnyandeo Bhalke Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Kopargaon, Maharashtra, India Hypotension: A comprehensive review Rasika Dnyandeo Bhalke, Mahendra Ashok Giri, Rasal Yash Anil, Narhe Mansi Balasaheb, Parjane Abhishek Nanasaheb and Vishal Vijay Pande Abstract Hypotension is a decrease in systemic blood pressure below accepted low values. While there is not an accepted standard hypotensive value, pressures less than 90/60 are recognized as hypotensive. Hypotension is a relatively benign condition that is under-recognized mainly because it is typically asymptomatic. It only becomes a concern once pumping pressure is not sufficient to perfuse key organs with oxygenated blood. This leads to symptoms impacting the quality of life of a patient. Hypotension is classified based on the biometric parameters of the blood pressure measurement. It may be absolute with changes in systolic blood pressure to less than 90 mm Hg or mean arterial pressure of less than 65 mm Hg. It may be relative to a decrease in diastolic blood pressure to less than 40 mm Hg. It may be orthostatic with a decrease in systolic pressure or 20 mm Hg or greater or a decrease in diastolic pressure of 10 mm Hg or greater on positional change from lying to standing. It may be profound which is defined as being medication-dependent. In acute conditions, the hypotensive shock is a possible and life- threatening condition. Keywords: Hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, neurally mediated hypotension, Chronic Asymptomatic hypotension Introduction Low blood pressure is known as Hypotension. It is the blood pressure low enough that flow of blood to the organ of the body is inadequate. Normal blood pressure is 120/80mm of Hg whereas hypotension blood pressure is 90/60mm of Hg. Types of hypotension 1. Chronic Asymptomatic hypotension. 2. Orthostatic hypotension. 3. Neurally Mediated hypotension. Chronic Asymptomatic Hypotension It has no signs or symptoms & needs no treatment. Orthostatic Hypotension (OH) It occurs when standing up from a sitting down position.It can give a dizzy feel. Orthostatic hypotension occurs if your body isn't able to adjust blood pressure and blood flow fast enough for the change in position. This type of low blood pressure usually lasts for only a few seconds or minutes after immediate standing. After sitting or lying down for a short time brings blood pressure to normal. It may occur in all age groups. Orthostatic Hypotension causes Two types of causes I. Non neurogenic causes It is caused by cardiac impairment, hypovolemia, venous pooling. It is of the following two types. a. Acute non neurogenic In this type hypotension is frequently caused by decrease in intravascular blood flow. It is accompanied by myocardial infarction. b. Chronic non neurogenic causes It is associated with disorders causing cardiac impairment, anemia, diabetic insipidus.