International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol. 15, No. 2, April 2025, pp. 1297~1321 ISSN: 2088-8708, DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v15i2.pp1297-1321  1297 Journal homepage: http://ijece.iaescore.com Modelling and control of LCL voltage source converter-based hybrid high voltage alternating current/high voltage direct current system Mahmood Saadeh 1 , Mohammad Hamdan 2 , Osama Saadeh 3 1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan 2 Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan 3 Department of Energy Engineering, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan Article Info ABSTRACT Article history: Received Jun 4, 2024 Revised Oct 5, 2024 Accepted Oct 23, 2024 Voltage source converters (VSCs) have revolutionized high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission, offering numerous advantages such as black start capability, absence of commutation failure, and efficient control of bidirectional power flow. This study introduces a comparative analysis of advanced VSC technologies, focusing on a novel series hybrid converter incorporating an inductor-capacitor-inductor (LCL) passive circuit. This configuration is explored for its potential to enhance both high voltage alternating current (HVAC) and high voltage direct current (HVDC) side fault suppression capabilities and improve DC output voltage quality, addressing critical drawbacks of traditional VSCs. Through comprehensive simulations in MATLAB/Simulink, this research evaluates and compares three different converter topologies: the three-level neutral point clamped converter, the hybrid converter with AC side cascaded H-bridge cells, and the LCL hybrid converter. The comparison is based on key performance metrics such as DC output voltage quality, fault suppression capabilities, and system efficiency during normal and fault conditions. The study finds that the LCL hybrid converter outperforms traditional converters by significantly improving DC output voltage quality and enhancing fault suppression capabilities in HVDC systems. It effectively reduces ripple and maintains stability during faults, making it a superior choice for future HVDC converter designs and applications, offering valuable insights for advancing HVDC technology. Keywords: H-bridge cells LCL hybrid converter Multi-terminal high voltage direct current systems Neutral point clamped converter Series hybrid converters Voltage source converter This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license. Corresponding Author: Mahmood Saadeh Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hashemite University P.O. Box 150459, Zarqa 13115, Jordan Email: saadeh_mahmood@hu.edu.jo 1. INTRODUCTION An efficient power transmission and distribution system is a fundamental requirement to fulfill customers with essential energy needs. For many decades electricity networks have provided the vital links between producers and consumers with great success. Power grids have been designed to serve the needs of large predominantly carbon-based generation located remotely from demand centers. However, the electricity generation landscape is faced with new challenges. The energy sector is being challenged by limited fossil energy resources, climate change and growing energy consumption. It is estimated that by the year 2040, electricity consumption will be grown by 40% [1]. Undoubtedly, these major obstacles show that there is a need for new energy strategies. Great