© 2007 ASHRAE.
ABSTRACT
When used early in the design process, simulation can help designers reduce a building’s energy demand. Early-stage simu-
lation must allow the user to explore many options quickly. Most building simulation programs have been structured for modeling
finalized building designs very accurately. Intricate detail, often including CAD models, must be entered before such simulations
can take place. This can take hours or days to prepare, which is not useful for early-stage design iteration. Further, most simulation
tools require a technical background and substantial user training before they may be used effectively. By simplifying the modeling
process, and specifically the user-interface, it is possible to make simulation tools accessible to a wider audience. The MIT Design
Advisor is presented as means for non-technical specialists to rapidly simulate and compare energy consumption of early-stage
building designs. An overview of the simplified interface and the rapid energy model are given, and sample validation cases are
explored. The MIT Design Advisor is available at http://designadvisor.mit.edu.
INTRODUCTION
In this paper a case is made for a new category of simu-
lation tools that are appropriate for nontechnical building
designers. One such tool, developed by the authors, is then
presented. A description is given of the simplified user inter-
face, which has been condensed to a single page of basic build-
ing parameters. Next, an overview is presented of the energy-
load simulation procedure. Finally, validation cases are made
for key components of the model, showing agreement with
accepted tools.
A NEW CATEGORY OF DESIGN TOOLS
The art of building simulation is well established and
experienced professionals can compute building loads with
practical confidence. Building simulation packages are in no
short supply. The motivation for creating yet another class of
simulation tools is to combat the excessive complexity that
makes many tools inaccessible to building designers, archi-
tects, and engineers for early stage design comparisons. Build-
ing simulation is typically deferred to post-design analysis.
Consequently the simple, inexpensive opportunities for reduc-
ing energy consumption in buildings are often overlooked.
Simplified approaches in both interface design and modeling
technique can help empower the non-technical designer to
make better design choices.
Building Simulation Engines
Because of their extensive feature-set, building simula-
tion engines such as Energy Plus and DOE-II lend great
modeling flexibility to the experienced technical user. In this
class of software usability is typically compromised in favor of
increased ability to model complex building scenarios. Many
underlying assumptions are made without being explicitly
evident to the casual user. Users must have a detailed under-
standing of the simulation process to make useful design
comparisons.
To compound the issue, most of these engines lack a pre-
packaged simplified user interface. Inputs must be prepared as
large text files fraught with technical jargon, physical proper-
ties, and programming constructs. Preparing input files can be
A Simplified Rapid Energy Model
and Interface for Nontechnical Users
Bryan J. Urban Leon R. Glicksman, PhD
Member ASHRAE
Bryan Urban is a research assistant and PhD candidate in mechanical engineering and Leon Glicksman is a professor of mechanical
engineering and architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA.