January 2020 · Volume 9 · Issue 1 Page 65
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology
Dua M et al. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Jan;9(1):65-69
www.ijrcog.org
pISSN 2320-1770 | eISSN 2320-1789
Original Research Article
Stuck situations in morbidly adherent placenta: how to tackle?
Manvi Dua
1
*, Sangeeta Arya
1
, Kiran Pandey
1
, Anil Verma
2
INTRODUCTION
Morbidly adherent placenta occurs due to the imperfect
development of netabuch’s layer. Depending on the
extent of adherence and invasion of the placenta, the
condition is classified as placenta accreta (reaching the
myometrium), placenta increta (into the myometrium) or
placenta percreta (reaching up to serosa and beyond to
surrounding structures). It is often associated with
placenta previa. When placenta previa was present, the
risk of morbidly adherent placenta increased from 24%
for a patient with one previous cesarean delivery to 67%
for a patient with three or more cesarean deliveries.
1
Specifically, placenta percreta is associated with high
maternal morbidity and as much as 7% maternal
mortality.
ABSTRACT
Background: Morbidly adherent placenta is associated with high maternal morbidity and mortality. Its increased
prevalence seems to be proportional to the increasing number of caesarean sections. In this study the presentation and
management of 32 cases was reviewed with morbidly adherent placenta and maternal and perinatal outcomes from
2014 to 2016, at the hospital.
Methods: Study type was retrospective. We reviewed clinical information from patients’ case sheets regarding the
risk factors, preparations prior to cesarean section, intraoperative and postoperative complications. Results were
interpreted and conclusions were withdrawn.
Results: Among the 32 cases, 28 were diagnosed prenatally while 4 were diagnosed intraoperatively. Out of 28
patients, 5 patients were diagnosed early between 14 and 18 weeks of gestational age and other 23 were diagnosed
during third trimester by ultrasonography. Caesarean hysterectomy was required in 28 cases.4 were managed
conservatively, out of which hysterectomy proved to be necessary in the postpartum period because of severe
secondary postpartum hemorrhage in 2 cases. Average no of hospital stay is 10 days ranging from 8-18 days.
Conclusions: Prenatal diagnosis of morbidly adherent placenta is essential to plan for the better maternal and
perinatal outcome. The decision to perform a cesarean hysterectomy or conservation of uterus (using balloon
tamponade or putting haemostatic sutures) is based on the extent of infiltration, the patient’s hemodynamic status, and
her desire for future pregnancy. The risk of infection and severe hemorrhage remains high if conservative
management is chosen and requires prolonged close monitoring postoperatively. Ideally all the cases should be
electively planned and operated by senior surgeon and experienced assistants with senior anesthetist, urosurgeon and
physician, with full backup of ICU and blood bank.
Keywords: Antepartum hemorrhage, Cesarean hysterectomy, Color doppler, Maternal mortality, Morbidly adherent
placenta, Postpartum hemorrhage
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20195998
1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
2
Department of Anesthesiology, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Received: 24 June 2019
Revised: 14 November 2019
Accepted: 19 November 2019
*Correspondence:
Dr. Manvi Dua,
E-mail: drmanvi@rediffmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.