~ 73 ~ Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2014; 3(5): 73-78 E-ISSN: 2278-4136 P-ISSN: 2349-8234 JPP 2014; 3(5): 73-78 Received: 27-11-2014 Accepted: 07-12-2014 Niranjan Das Department of Chemistry, Netaji Subhas Mahavidyalaya, Udaipur-799 114, Gomati Tripura, India. Tapasi Saha Department of Human Physiology, Netaji Subhas Mahavidyalaya, Udaipur-799 114, Gomati Tripura, India. Surajit Bhattacharjee Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar-799 022, West Tripura, India. Correspondence: Niranjan Das Assistant Professor Department of Chemistry, Netaji Subhas Mahavidyalaya, Udaipur-799 114, Gomati Tripura, India. A new biologically active ecdysteroid from the aerial parts of Sida glutinosa Niranjan Das, Tapasi Saha, Surajit Bhattacharjee Abstract The aerial parts of Sida glutinosa have been analyzed for their chemical constituents, resulting in the isolation of a new ecdysone, named glutinosterone (1). The structure of glutinosterone was determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 2D NMR data and the results of hydrolytic cleavage. The structure of glutinosterone was elucidated as 1β-hydroxy 24(28)-dehydromakisterone A. The in vitro biochemical analysis of compound 1 showed a significant effect on different enzymes involved in human liver function along with lipid metabolic enzymes. The compound 1 also exhibits moderate to significant anti-bacterial property. Keywords: Sida glutinosa, Malvaceae, Ecdysterone, Glutinosterone. 1. Introduction Sida glutinosa Roxb.syn S. mysorensis Wt. & Arn. is an annual herb belonging to the family Malvaceae and is distributed in wastelands of South and Eastern India, Burma to South east Asia. The roots and aerial parts of this plant and its sister species were used in traditional system in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis and rheumatism [1, 2] . Literature survey indicated that no considerable research on phytochemical characterizations have been carried out to explore the significance of this plant for humankind. However, an extensive research is indeed important to screen naturally occurring bioactive compounds from Sida glutinosa and also to decipher their bioactivity. In this context, we have already isolated and characterized nine different phytochemicals from this plant and also established the antioxidant property of three among them [3, 4] . We have also reported earlier among the isolated nine compounds, two compounds showed significant reduction of enzyme activity and also antibacterial activity [5] . The present investigation on the n-BuOH fraction of MeOH extract of aerial part of S. glutinosa has resulted in the isolation of a new Ecdysterone, named glutinosterone (1). In addition, in vitro biological activity of the isolated compound 1 was studied to elucidate its role in the modulation of enzymatic activity. The enzymes studied in the present work were the markers for hepatic function like aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatases, lipid metabolic enzyme activity. The antibacterial function of compound 1 was also studied to characterize its bioactivity. In brief, the present study deals with the structure elucidation of compound 1 on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 2D NMR data and the results of hydrolytic cleavage and also the evaluation of in vitro liver function in terms of serum enzyme activity, lipid metabolic enzyme and antibacterial activity. 2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Experimental Melting points were determined by the use of Kofler type electrical melting point apparatus and are uncorrected. UV spectra were recorded on a Perkin Elmer Lambda 25 spectrometer on MeOH and IR spectra on a Shimadzu 8100 FT-IR spectrometer from KBr discs. 1 H and 13 C- NMR spectra were measured on a varian 600 spectrometer. Chemical shifts are given in δ values (ppm) relative to tetramethylsilane (TMS) as internal standard. HR-FAB-MS and FAB- MS were obtained by JEOL JMS 700 spectrometer. For column chromatography, silica gel (mesh 60-120, Merck, India), Diaion HP-20 (Mitsubishi-Chemical, Tokyo, Japan) and basic alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) (Merck, India) were used. Silica gel G (Merck, India) was used for TLC. 2.2. Plant material The aerial parts of Sida glutinosa were collected from Kalsi (Jolaibari), South Tripura in April 2008. The plant was identified by Prof. B. K. Datta, Taxonomist, Department of Botany, Tripura University. A voucher specimen (No. BD/01/08) has been deposited in the National Herbarium, Shibpur Botanical Garden, Howrah-711 103, India.