Complementary Split Ring Resonator on the Ground Plane for Wearable Antenna Efri Sandi Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Jakarta Jakarta, Indonesia efri.sandi@unj.ac.id Baso Maruddani Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Jakarta Jakarta, Indonesia basomaruddani@unj.ac.id Nabillah Khairunisa Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Jakarta Jakarta, Indonesia nabilahkh31@gmail.com Abstract—We present the complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) metamaterials design on a ground plane structure to reduce the dimensions of the wearable antenna. The antenna is designed to work on the C-Band frequency as a candidate for the 5G network. The addition of the CSRR metamaterial structure on the ground can significantly reduce the antenna dimensions with a patch reduction of 49.7% and an antenna substrate reduction of 33.6%. This result shows a significant improvement when compared to CSSR methods on the patch antenna. The proposed antenna design is expected to meet wearable antenna specifications on 5G networks that have small dimensions and are compact but have high performance. It is easy to integrate for wireless monitoring systems for various applications. Keywords—metamaterials, CSRR, wearable antenna, compact Antenna I. INTRODUCTION The development of wireless technology today has almost penetrated all sectors of life. Wireless communication technology is not only used for voice and data communication via mobile phone devices between users, but also for various applications that support human life, such as robotic control applications, machine-to-machine communications in industry, military technology applications and biomedical technology. In the future, with the development of the internet of things (IoT) network, the communication system will connect various technological devices in a large-scale internet network system so that it can be monitored, supervised, and controlled remotely. For biomedical technology applications, the development of the last few years shows the rapid development in the use of wireless technology. This is because the use of this technology can monitor the patient's health condition in real-time and reduce health care costs [1]. The use of biomedical technology is supported by the development of a body area network to be able to monitor every part of the human body (body organs) through a wireless sensor network which in its development is designed to be more flexible and do not interfere with the movement of the human body [2]. One of the important devices in body area network wireless communication is a wearable antenna. This type of antenna is an antenna that is installed on wearable devices such as clothes, watches, shoes, or other accessories that are used as radio frequency (RF) sensors as well as in radio communication transmitting and receiving systems for body area network [3]. In a body area network system, the flexibility factor of the device on the wearable is the main thing besides its performance and reliability. For this reason, it is a challenge for antenna researchers to be able to develop an antenna that is integrated (built-in) with a wearable device properly and does not interfere with users but still has good performance and meets the needs of wireless communication technology systems [4]. In the development of wearable antenna research, several study results have shown the performance of wearable antennas in certain frequency areas, such as in the Global Positioning System (GPS) frequency area [5], the performance of the wearable antenna on the ISM band frequency for WIFI applications [6], wearable antenna performance on wireless body area network (WBAN) and 5 GHz WLAN [7]. The study of wearable antennas was also carried out for the development of antenna structure modification techniques to obtain improved performance, such as research on circular ring-slots [8], the dual-mode technique of the printed antenna [9-10], and the development of metamaterial techniques. The development of wearable antennas using this metamaterial technique is basically to increase efficiency and reduce antenna dimensions. In several previous studies, several metamaterial techniques were used, such as using the Split Ring Resonator (SRR) metamaterials method [11], Diamond Shaped Split Ring (DSSR) technique [12], Triangular Split Ring Resonator (TSSR) method [13], and Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) method [14- 16]. The results of these studies show that the use of metamaterials can improve antenna performance and reduce antenna dimensions, especially the CSSR metamaterial technique which can reduce antenna dimensions significantly so that it can be used for the development of small and compact wearable antennas with high performance. For this reason, in this study, a further study of the CSSR technique will be carried out with modification and the development of the addition of the CSSR structure on the ground plane layer. II. ANTENNA AND CSSR STRUCTURE DESIGN To observe the effect of improved performance and reduction of antenna dimensions, this study compares the performance and dimensions of the triangular patch antenna using the addition of CSSR structures to the ground plane with a triangular patch antenna without additions (referred to as conventional antennas). Thus, the triangular patch antenna design was carried out twice in the observation process of this study, the conventional triangular patch antenna design, and the triangular patch antenna design with the addition of the CSSR structure on the ground plane. This research is funded by Research Grant, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, the Ministry of Education and Culture the Republic of Indonesia 2020 International Conference on Radar, Antenna, Microwave, Electronics, and Telecommunications 978-1-7281-8922-2/20/$31.00 ©2020 IEEE 66 Authorized licensed use limited to: efri sandi. Downloaded on January 11,2021 at 10:27:53 UTC from IEEE Xplore. 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