30 Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems Vol. 27, No. 1, January 2024, pp. 30-37 Journal homepage: http://iieta.org/journals/jnmes The Experimental Study on Lead Acid Battery Driven E-Rickshaw Performance Using Capacitor Bank Mahesh Singh 1* , Shimpy Ralhan 1 , Mangal Singh 2 , Rahul Baghel 1 1 Department of EEE, Shri Shankaracharya Technical Campus, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India 2 Department of E&TC, Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India Corresponding Author Email: shimpys@gmail.com https://doi.org/10.14447/jnmes.v27i1.a05 ABSTRACT Received: Sept 04, 2022 Accepted: October 2, 2023 This experimental study investigates the performance of Lead Acid Battery driven Electric Rickshaws (E-Rickshaws) enhanced with a Capacitor Bank. With a growing demand for sustainable urban transportation solutions, E- Rickshaws have emerged as a promising option. However, challenges such as limited battery life and variable performance under different load conditions persist. In this research, we explore the application of a Capacitor Bank circuitry to mitigate these challenges. The study involves a series of performance tests conducted on E-Rickshaws equipped with the proposed hardware model. Key parameters, including charging current, charging time, and discharging current under varying load conditions, are rigorously analyzed. Our experimental results reveal substantial improvements in E-Rickshaw performance when compared to conventional Lead Acid Battery-driven models. Notably, reductions in starting current and minimized power fluctuations, especially under full load conditions, lead to a smoother and more efficient driving experience. Crucially, the extended battery life resulting from these hardware enhancements demonstrates the economic viability of the modified E- Rickshaw prototype. This research contributes valuable insights into the sustainable transformation of urban transportation, with implications for both performance optimization and economic feasibility in the E-Rickshaw industry. Keywords: Electric Auto rickshaw, Battery, modes of discharge, battery life 1. INTRODUCTION Auto rickshaws, once manually pulled by individuals for transportation, have evolved significantly over time to become a crucial mode of conveyance in Asia, serving both passengers and cargo needs [1]. The journey of these three-wheeled vehicles through history is fascinating. In 1914, recognizing their potential for citizen transport, authorities began to regulate rickshaws. However, it was in the 1930s when cycle- based rickshaws gained immense popularity in India, ultimately becoming the dominant means of transport by 1935. The transition to motorized rickshaws, powered by fossil fuels, occurred in 1957. These auto rickshaws hold a unique position in the bustling traffic landscape of India. Their affordability and ability to navigate congested roads make them indispensable. Yet, their widespread use has also given rise to a significant environmental concern: pollution resulting from inadequate maintenance and the use of low-quality fuel [2]. Recognizing the critical role these rickshaws play in local transportation, electrification emerged as a compelling solution [3,4]. Electric Rickshaws (E-Rickshaws) have emerged as a promising and eco-friendly mode of urban transportation in many parts of the world, particularly in densely populated urban areas. With their compact size, zero emissions, and affordability, E-Rickshaws offer a viable solution to the challenges of urban mobility while addressing environmental concerns. The advent of electric rickshaws marked a transformative shift. Unlike their conventional counterparts that relied on Internal Combustion Engines (ICE), electric rickshaws harnessed the power of electrical motors for propulsion [5]. However, despite their numerous advantages, E-Rickshaws powered by Lead Acid Batteries face certain limitations, notably in terms of battery life and performance consistency, which have hindered their widespread adoption and economic viability. In the pursuit of enhancing the performance and sustainability of E-Rickshaws, innovative solutions are continuously sought. One such solution under investigation is the integration of a Capacitor Bank circuitry into the E- Rickshaw's electrical system. This experimental study delves into the promising prospect of augmenting Lead Acid Battery- driven E-Rickshaws with a Capacitor Bank, with the overarching goal of extending battery life and improving overall performance.